Deuteronomy 7:2

Authorized King James Version

And when the LORD thy God shall deliver them before thee; thou shalt smite them, and utterly destroy them; thou shalt make no covenant with them, nor shew mercy unto them:

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וּנְתָנָ֞ם
shall deliver
to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.)
#2
יְהוָ֧ה
And when the LORD
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
#3
אֱלֹהֶ֛יךָ
thy God
gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme god; occasionally applied by way of
#4
לְפָנֶ֖יךָ
them before
the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposi
#5
וְהִכִּיתָ֑ם
thee thou shalt smite
to strike (lightly or severely, literally or figuratively)
#6
תַּֽחֲרִים֙
destroy
to seclude; specifically (by a ban) to devote to religious uses (especially destruction); physical and reflexive, to be blunt as to the nose
#7
תַּֽחֲרִים֙
destroy
to seclude; specifically (by a ban) to devote to religious uses (especially destruction); physical and reflexive, to be blunt as to the nose
#8
אֹתָ֔ם
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#9
לֹֽא
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
#10
תִכְרֹ֥ת
them thou shalt make
to cut (off, down or asunder); by implication, to destroy or consume; specifically, to covenant (i.e., make an alliance or bargain, originally by cutt
#11
לָהֶ֛ם
H0
#12
בְּרִ֖ית
no covenant
a compact (because made by passing between pieces of flesh)
#13
וְלֹ֥א
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
#14
תְחָנֵּֽם׃
with them nor shew mercy
properly, to bend or stoop in kindness to an inferior; to favor, bestow; causatively to implore (i.e., move to favor by petition)

Analysis

The salvation theme here intersects with the metanarrative of redemption running from Genesis to Revelation. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of a unified storyline from the promise in Genesis 3:15 to its fulfillment in Christ. The phrase emphasizing covenant contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's saving work from the Exodus to the cross.

Historical Context

The literary and historical milieu of the literary conventions and historical circumstances of biblical literature shapes this text's meaning. The historical development of salvation within the theological tradition of Deuteronomy Understanding the ancient worldview that shaped the author's theological expression helps modern readers appreciate why the author emphasizes covenant in this particular way.

Questions for Reflection

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