Deuteronomy 34:8

Authorized King James Version

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And the children of Israel wept for Moses in the plains of Moab thirty days: so the days of weeping and mourning for Moses were ended.

Original Language Analysis

וַיִּבְכּוּ֩ wept H1058
וַיִּבְכּוּ֩ wept
Strong's: H1058
Word #: 1 of 14
to weep; generally to bemoan
בְנֵ֨י And the children H1121
בְנֵ֨י And the children
Strong's: H1121
Word #: 2 of 14
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
יִשְׂרָאֵ֧ל of Israel H3478
יִשְׂרָאֵ֧ל of Israel
Strong's: H3478
Word #: 3 of 14
he will rule as god; jisral, a symbolical name of jacob; also (typically) of his posterity
אֶת H853
אֶת
Strong's: H853
Word #: 4 of 14
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
מֹשֶֽׁה׃ for Moses H4872
מֹשֶֽׁה׃ for Moses
Strong's: H4872
Word #: 5 of 14
mosheh, the israelite lawgiver
בְּעַֽרְבֹ֥ת in the plains H6160
בְּעַֽרְבֹ֥ת in the plains
Strong's: H6160
Word #: 6 of 14
a desert; especially (with the article prefix) the (generally) sterile valley of the jordan and its continuation to the red sea
מוֹאָ֖ב of Moab H4124
מוֹאָ֖ב of Moab
Strong's: H4124
Word #: 7 of 14
moab, an incestuous son of lot; also his territory and descendants
שְׁלֹשִׁ֣ים thirty H7970
שְׁלֹשִׁ֣ים thirty
Strong's: H7970
Word #: 8 of 14
thirty; or (ordinal) thirtieth
יְמֵ֥י days H3117
יְמֵ֥י days
Strong's: H3117
Word #: 9 of 14
a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or figurative (a space of time defined by an asso
וַֽיִּתְּמ֔וּ were ended H8552
וַֽיִּתְּמ֔וּ were ended
Strong's: H8552
Word #: 10 of 14
to complete, in a good or a bad sense, literal, or figurative, transitive or intransitive
יְמֵ֥י days H3117
יְמֵ֥י days
Strong's: H3117
Word #: 11 of 14
a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or figurative (a space of time defined by an asso
בְכִ֖י of weeping H1065
בְכִ֖י of weeping
Strong's: H1065
Word #: 12 of 14
a weeping; by analogy, a dripping
אֵ֥בֶל and mourning H60
אֵ֥בֶל and mourning
Strong's: H60
Word #: 13 of 14
lamentation
מֹשֶֽׁה׃ for Moses H4872
מֹשֶֽׁה׃ for Moses
Strong's: H4872
Word #: 14 of 14
mosheh, the israelite lawgiver

Analysis & Commentary

The children of Israel wept for Moses in the plains of Moab thirty days: so the days of weeping and mourning for Moses were ended. The sheloshim yom (thirty days) of mourning matches the period for Aaron (Numbers 20:29), indicating the highest honor for covenant leaders. This formalized grieving acknowledged not merely personal loss but the end of an era—the exodus generation's final representative had passed. The bekhi (weeping) and misped (mourning) vocabulary indicates profound corporate lament, not merely individual grief.

Yet mourning has an endpoint—vatitemu (were ended/completed). Israel must move forward under Joshua's leadership. The limitation on grieving prevents paralyzing nostalgia and prepares for new work. While honoring the past, faith looks forward to God's continuing purposes. The mourning period prepares Israel emotionally and spiritually for the Jordan crossing, processing loss before embracing the new challenge.

Historical Context

The thirty-day mourning period parallels ancient Near Eastern customs for significant figures. The plains of Moab, where Israel camped before crossing the Jordan, witnessed both Moses' death and the people's preparation for conquest. This mourning preceded the circumcision and Passover celebration at Gilgal (Joshua 5:2-11), marking the transition from wilderness to conquest generation. The formal end of mourning synchronized with Israel's spiritual readiness to enter Canaan.

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