Deuteronomy 31:23

Authorized King James Version

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And he gave Joshua the son of Nun a charge, and said, Be strong and of a good courage: for thou shalt bring the children of Israel into the land which I sware unto them: and I will be with thee.

Original Language Analysis

וַיְצַ֞ו a charge H6680
וַיְצַ֞ו a charge
Strong's: H6680
Word #: 1 of 22
(intensively) to constitute, enjoin
אֶת H853
אֶת
Strong's: H853
Word #: 2 of 22
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
יְהוֹשֻׁ֣עַ And he gave Joshua H3091
יְהוֹשֻׁ֣עַ And he gave Joshua
Strong's: H3091
Word #: 3 of 22
jehoshua (i.e., joshua), the jewish leader
בְּנֵ֣י the children H1121
בְּנֵ֣י the children
Strong's: H1121
Word #: 4 of 22
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
נ֗וּן of Nun H5126
נ֗וּן of Nun
Strong's: H5126
Word #: 5 of 22
nun or non, the father of joshua
וַיֹּאמֶר֮ and said H559
וַיֹּאמֶר֮ and said
Strong's: H559
Word #: 6 of 22
to say (used with great latitude)
חֲזַ֣ק Be strong H2388
חֲזַ֣ק Be strong
Strong's: H2388
Word #: 7 of 22
to fasten upon; hence, to seize, be strong (figuratively, courageous, causatively strengthen, cure, help, repair, fortify), obstinate; to bind, restra
וֶֽאֱמָץ֒ and of a good courage H553
וֶֽאֱמָץ֒ and of a good courage
Strong's: H553
Word #: 8 of 22
to be alert, physically (on foot) or mentally (in courage)
כִּ֣י H3588
כִּ֣י
Strong's: H3588
Word #: 9 of 22
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
אַתָּ֗ה H859
אַתָּ֗ה
Strong's: H859
Word #: 10 of 22
thou and thee, or (plural) ye and you
תָּבִיא֙ for thou shalt bring H935
תָּבִיא֙ for thou shalt bring
Strong's: H935
Word #: 11 of 22
to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)
אֶת H853
אֶת
Strong's: H853
Word #: 12 of 22
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
בְּנֵ֣י the children H1121
בְּנֵ֣י the children
Strong's: H1121
Word #: 13 of 22
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל of Israel H3478
יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל of Israel
Strong's: H3478
Word #: 14 of 22
he will rule as god; jisral, a symbolical name of jacob; also (typically) of his posterity
אֶל H413
אֶל
Strong's: H413
Word #: 15 of 22
near, with or among; often in general, to
הָאָ֖רֶץ into the land H776
הָאָ֖רֶץ into the land
Strong's: H776
Word #: 16 of 22
the earth (at large, or partitively a land)
אֲשֶׁר H834
אֲשֶׁר
Strong's: H834
Word #: 17 of 22
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
נִשְׁבַּ֣עְתִּי which I sware H7650
נִשְׁבַּ֣עְתִּי which I sware
Strong's: H7650
Word #: 18 of 22
to seven oneself, i.e., swear (as if by repeating a declaration seven times)
לָהֶ֑ם H0
לָהֶ֑ם
Strong's: H0
Word #: 19 of 22
וְאָֽנֹכִ֖י H595
וְאָֽנֹכִ֖י
Strong's: H595
Word #: 20 of 22
i
אֶֽהְיֶ֥ה H1961
אֶֽהְיֶ֥ה
Strong's: H1961
Word #: 21 of 22
to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)
עִמָּֽךְ׃ H5973
עִמָּֽךְ׃
Strong's: H5973
Word #: 22 of 22
adverb or preposition, with (i.e., in conjunction with), in varied applications; specifically, equally with; often with prepositional prefix (and then

Analysis & Commentary

And he gave Joshua the son of Nun a charge, and said, Be strong and of a good courage—Moses's commissioning echoed God's earlier words (31:7-8), now delivered personally. The Hebrew chazaq ve-ematz (חֲזַק וֶאֱמָץ) means 'be strong and resolute/steadfast.' For thou shalt bring the children of Israel into the land which I sware unto them: and I will be with thee—the promise of divine presence accompanied the daunting commission. Joshua would succeed not through personal capability but God's enabling presence.

This charge established a pattern repeated throughout Scripture: God assigns humanly impossible tasks accompanied by promise of His presence. The combination of command (be strong) and promise (I will be with you) appears with Moses (Exodus 3:12), Joshua repeatedly (Joshua 1:5-9), Gideon (Judges 6:12-16), and ultimately with the Great Commission: 'Go... and surely I am with you always' (Matthew 28:19-20). Human strength alone fails; divine presence makes success certain despite overwhelming odds.

Historical Context

Delivered circa 1406 BC in Moses's final month. Joshua had waited forty years for this moment—since spying out Canaan as a young man alongside Caleb (Numbers 13-14). Only he and Caleb from their generation would enter the Promised Land. Joshua faced enormous challenges: conquering fortified cities, leading a new generation, maintaining covenant faithfulness. Yet God's presence assured success. Joshua's subsequent career vindicated this promise: he conquered Canaan, divided the land, and served faithfully until his death (Joshua 24).

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