And the king commanded, and they brought those men which had accused Daniel, and they cast them into the den of lions, them, their children, and their wives; and the lions had the mastery of them, and brake all their bones in pieces or ever they came at the bottom of the den.
And the king commanded, and they brought those men which had accused Daniel, and they cast them into the den of lions, them, their children, and their wives—The phrase "those men which had accused" translates the Aramaic gubraya illek di-akhalu qartshohi di-Daniyel (גֻּבְרַיָּא אִלֵּךְ דִּי־אֲכַלוּ קַרְצוֹהִי דִי־דָנִיֵּאל), literally "those men who ate his pieces," an idiom for malicious accusation or slander. The conspirators who plotted Daniel's death experienced the very fate they designed for him—a principle of divine justice called lex talionis reflected in Proverbs 26:27 and Psalm 7:15-16.
The inclusion of wives and children shocks modern sensibilities but reflects ancient Near Eastern corporate justice. Persian law held families accountable for the patriarch's crimes, preventing blood feuds by eliminating potential avengers. While Scripture sometimes applies corporate judgment (Joshua 7:24-25), the Mosaic Law specifically prohibited punishing children for parents' sins (Deuteronomy 24:16). This detail reveals Persian, not Jewish, practice—Daniel's narrative faithfully reports historical events without necessarily endorsing every action.
And the lions had the mastery of them, and brake all their bones in pieces or ever they came at the bottom of the den (וְשַׁלִּטוּ בְהוֹן אַרְיָוָתָא וְכָל־גַּרְמֵיהוֹן הַדִּקוּ)—The Aramaic shelitu behon aryavatha ("the lions overpowered them") and garmeyhon haddiqu ("crushed their bones") emphasizes the lions' ferocity. This proves Daniel's preservation wasn't due to docile or well-fed lions but to miraculous divine protection. The conspirators' immediate destruction validated Daniel's innocence and demonstrated God's justice. Those who plot evil against God's servants ultimately destroy themselves.
Historical Context
This occurred around 538 BC during Darius's first year. Persian kings wielded absolute power, executing conspirators without trial. Ancient sources describe Persian lion dens—pits housing multiple lions kept hungry for executions. The immediate destruction of Daniel's accusers proved the lions were dangerous, not tame. This vindication led to Darius's decree honoring Daniel's God throughout the empire (6:25-27), fulfilling missionary purposes through Jewish exile. The principle of justice—conspirators experiencing their own trap—recurs in Esther when Haman is hanged on gallows he built for Mordecai (Esther 7:10).
Questions for Reflection
How does the swift destruction of Daniel's accusers demonstrate that God's apparent delays in justice don't indicate indifference?
When you face malicious opposition, can you trust God to vindicate you in His timing rather than taking revenge yourself?
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Analysis & Commentary
And the king commanded, and they brought those men which had accused Daniel, and they cast them into the den of lions, them, their children, and their wives—The phrase "those men which had accused" translates the Aramaic gubraya illek di-akhalu qartshohi di-Daniyel (גֻּבְרַיָּא אִלֵּךְ דִּי־אֲכַלוּ קַרְצוֹהִי דִי־דָנִיֵּאל), literally "those men who ate his pieces," an idiom for malicious accusation or slander. The conspirators who plotted Daniel's death experienced the very fate they designed for him—a principle of divine justice called lex talionis reflected in Proverbs 26:27 and Psalm 7:15-16.
The inclusion of wives and children shocks modern sensibilities but reflects ancient Near Eastern corporate justice. Persian law held families accountable for the patriarch's crimes, preventing blood feuds by eliminating potential avengers. While Scripture sometimes applies corporate judgment (Joshua 7:24-25), the Mosaic Law specifically prohibited punishing children for parents' sins (Deuteronomy 24:16). This detail reveals Persian, not Jewish, practice—Daniel's narrative faithfully reports historical events without necessarily endorsing every action.
And the lions had the mastery of them, and brake all their bones in pieces or ever they came at the bottom of the den (וְשַׁלִּטוּ בְהוֹן אַרְיָוָתָא וְכָל־גַּרְמֵיהוֹן הַדִּקוּ)—The Aramaic shelitu behon aryavatha ("the lions overpowered them") and garmeyhon haddiqu ("crushed their bones") emphasizes the lions' ferocity. This proves Daniel's preservation wasn't due to docile or well-fed lions but to miraculous divine protection. The conspirators' immediate destruction validated Daniel's innocence and demonstrated God's justice. Those who plot evil against God's servants ultimately destroy themselves.