Amos 9:13

Authorized King James Version

Behold, the days come, saith the LORD, that the plowman shall overtake the reaper, and the treader of grapes him that soweth seed; and the mountains shall drop sweet wine, and all the hills shall melt.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
הִנֵּ֨ה
lo!
#2
יָמִ֤ים
Behold the days
a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or figurative (a space of time defined by an asso
#3
בָּאִים֙
come
to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)
#4
נְאֻם
saith
an oracle
#5
יְהוָ֔ה
the LORD
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
#6
וְנִגַּ֤שׁ
shall overtake
to be or come (causatively, bring) near (for any purpose); euphemistically, to lie with a woman; as an enemy, to attack; religious to worship; causati
#7
חוֹרֵשׁ֙
that the plowman
to scratch, i.e., (by implication) to engrave, plough; hence (from the use of tools) to fabricate (of any material); figuratively, to devise (in a bad
#8
בַּקֹּצֵ֔ר
the reaper
to dock off, i.e., curtail (transitive or intransitive, literal or figurative); especially to harvest (grass or grain)
#9
וְדֹרֵ֥ךְ
and the treader
to tread; by implication, to walk; also to string a bow (by treading on it in bending)
#10
עֲנָבִ֖ים
of grapes
a grape
#11
בְּמֹשֵׁ֣ךְ
him that soweth
to draw, used in a great variety of applications (including to sow, to sound, to prolong, to develop, to march, to remove, to delay, to be tall, etc.)
#12
הַזָּ֑רַע
seed
seed; figuratively, fruit, plant, sowing-time, posterity
#13
וְהִטִּ֤יפוּ
shall drop
to ooze, i.e., distil gradually; by implication, to fall in drops; figuratively, to speak by inspiration
#14
הֶֽהָרִים֙
and the mountains
a mountain or range of hills (sometimes used figuratively)
#15
עָסִ֔יס
sweet wine
must or fresh grape-juice (as just trodden out)
#16
וְכָל
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
#17
הַגְּבָע֖וֹת
and all the hills
a hillock
#18
תִּתְמוֹגַֽגְנָה׃
shall melt
to melt, i.e., literally (to soften, flow down, disappear), or figuratively (to fear, faint)

Analysis

The salvation theme here intersects with the metanarrative of redemption running from Genesis to Revelation. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of a unified storyline from the promise in Genesis 3:15 to its fulfillment in Christ. The phrase emphasizing divine sovereignty contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's saving work from the Exodus to the cross.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection