Amos 4:10

Authorized King James Version

I have sent among you the pestilence after the manner of Egypt: your young men have I slain with the sword, and have taken away your horses; and I have made the stink of your camps to come up unto your nostrils: yet have ye not returned unto me, saith the LORD.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
שִׁלַּ֨חְתִּי
I have sent
to send away, for, or out (in a great variety of applications)
#2
בָכֶ֥ם
H0
#3
דֶּ֙בֶר֙
among you the pestilence
a pestilence
#4
בְּדֶ֣רֶךְ
after the manner
a road (as trodden); figuratively, a course of life or mode of action, often adverb
#5
מִצְרַ֔יִם
of Egypt
mitsrajim, i.e., upper and lower egypt
#6
הָרַ֤גְתִּי
have I slain
to smite with deadly intent
#7
בַחֶ֙רֶב֙
with the sword
drought; also a cutting instrument (from its destructive effect), as a knife, sword, or other sharp implement
#8
בַּח֣וּרֵיכֶ֔ם
your young men
properly, selected, i.e., a youth (often collective)
#9
עִ֖ם
adverb or preposition, with (i.e., in conjunction with), in varied applications; specifically, equally with; often with prepositional prefix (and then
#10
שְׁבִ֣י
and have taken away
exiled; captured; as noun, exile (abstractly or concretely and collectively); by extension, booty
#11
סֽוּסֵיכֶ֑ם
your horses
a horse (as leaping)
#12
וָאַעֲלֶ֞ה
to come up
to ascend, intransitively (be high) or actively (mount); used in a great variety of senses, primary and secondary, literal and figurative
#13
בְּאֹ֤שׁ
and I have made the stink
a stench
#14
מַחֲנֵיכֶם֙
of your camps
an encampment (of travellers or troops); hence, an army, whether literal (of soldiers) or figurative (of dancers, angels, cattle, locusts, stars; or e
#15
וּֽבְאַפְּכֶ֔ם
unto your nostrils
properly, the nose or nostril; hence, the face, and occasionally a person; also (from the rapid breathing in passion) ire
#16
וְלֹֽא
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
#17
שַׁבְתֶּ֥ם
yet have ye not returned
to turn back (hence, away) transitively or intransitively, literally or figuratively (not necessarily with the idea of return to the starting point);
#18
עָדַ֖י
as far (or long, or much) as, whether of space (even unto) or time (during, while, until) or degree (equally with)
#19
נְאֻם
unto me saith
an oracle
#20
יְהוָֽה׃
the LORD
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god

Analysis

This verse develops the salvation theme central to Amos. The concept of divine sovereignty reflects the development of salvation within biblical theology. The divine name or title here functions within biblical literature contributing to the canon's theological witness to establish theological authority and covenantal relationship. The original language emphasizes the covenant name Yahweh, emphasizing God's faithfulness to His promises, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection