Amos 4:9

Authorized King James Version

I have smitten you with blasting and mildew: when your gardens and your vineyards and your fig trees and your olive trees increased, the palmerworm devoured them: yet have ye not returned unto me, saith the LORD.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
הִכֵּ֣יתִי
I have smitten
to strike (lightly or severely, literally or figuratively)
#2
אֶתְכֶם֮
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#3
בַּשִּׁדָּפ֣וֹן
you with blasting
blight
#4
וּבַיֵּרָקוֹן֒
and mildew
paleness, whether of persons (from fright), or of plants (from drought)
#5
הַרְבּ֨וֹת
increased
to increase (in whatever respect)
#6
גַּנּוֹתֵיכֶ֧ם
when your gardens
a garden
#7
וְכַרְמֵיכֶ֛ם
and your vineyards
a garden or vineyard
#8
וּתְאֵנֵיכֶ֥ם
and your fig trees
the fig (tree or fruit)
#9
וְזֵיתֵיכֶ֖ם
and your olive trees
an olive (as yielding illuminating oil), the tree, the branch or the berry
#10
יֹאכַ֣ל
devoured
to eat (literally or figuratively)
#11
הַגָּזָ֑ם
the palmerworm
a kind of locust
#12
וְלֹֽא
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
#13
שַׁבְתֶּ֥ם
them yet have ye not returned
to turn back (hence, away) transitively or intransitively, literally or figuratively (not necessarily with the idea of return to the starting point);
#14
עָדַ֖י
as far (or long, or much) as, whether of space (even unto) or time (during, while, until) or degree (equally with)
#15
נְאֻם
unto me saith
an oracle
#16
יְהוָֽה׃
the LORD
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god

Analysis

This verse develops the salvation theme central to Amos. The concept of divine sovereignty reflects the development of salvation within biblical theology. The divine name or title here functions within biblical literature contributing to the canon's theological witness to establish theological authority and covenantal relationship. The original language emphasizes the covenant name Yahweh, emphasizing God's faithfulness to His promises, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

The literary and historical milieu of the literary conventions and historical circumstances of biblical literature shapes this text's meaning. The historical development of salvation within the theological tradition of Amos Understanding the ancient worldview that shaped the author's theological expression helps modern readers appreciate why the author emphasizes divine sovereignty in this particular way.

Questions for Reflection