And when we were all fallen to the earth, I heard a voice speaking unto me, and saying in the Hebrew tongue, Saul, Saul, why persecutest thou me? it is hard for thee to kick against the pricks.
When we were all fallen to the earth—Unlike the accounts in Acts 9 and 22, Paul here emphasizes that his entire traveling company fell prostrate, not merely himself, underscoring the overwhelming divine power present.
In the Hebrew tongue (τῇ Ἑβραΐδι διαλέκτῳ, tē Hebraidi dialektō)—More precisely Aramaic, the common language of Palestinian Jews. Christ addresses Saul in his native tongue, making the encounter intensely personal.
Why persecutest thou me? (τί με διώκεις; ti me diōkeis)—The present tense verb reveals ongoing persecution. Christ identifies so completely with His church that to persecute believers is to persecute Him directly (cf. Matthew 25:40).
Hard for thee to kick against the pricks (σκληρόν σοι πρὸς κέντρα λακτίζειν, sklēron soi pros kentra laktizein)—A Greek proverb about an ox kicking against the goad, injuring itself while resisting the farmer. Saul's persecution was self-destructive resistance to divine conviction, likely building since Stephen's martyrdom (Acts 7:58).
Historical Context
Paul recounts his conversion before King Agrippa II (AD 60) in Caesarea. This is the third account of the Damascus road experience in Acts (chapters 9, 22, 26), each tailored to its audience. The 'pricks' metaphor was familiar to Greek audiences, suggesting Luke preserves Paul's actual rhetorical adaptation to Agrippa's Hellenistic culture. Stephen's dying prayer and testimony (Acts 7:54-60) likely planted seeds of conviction that tormented Saul until this confrontation.
Questions for Reflection
What convictions have you been 'kicking against' that may be God's goad redirecting your life?
How does Christ's identification with persecuted believers ('why persecutest thou me?') shape how you view suffering for the faith?
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Analysis & Commentary
When we were all fallen to the earth—Unlike the accounts in Acts 9 and 22, Paul here emphasizes that his entire traveling company fell prostrate, not merely himself, underscoring the overwhelming divine power present.
In the Hebrew tongue (τῇ Ἑβραΐδι διαλέκτῳ, tē Hebraidi dialektō)—More precisely Aramaic, the common language of Palestinian Jews. Christ addresses Saul in his native tongue, making the encounter intensely personal.
Why persecutest thou me? (τί με διώκεις; ti me diōkeis)—The present tense verb reveals ongoing persecution. Christ identifies so completely with His church that to persecute believers is to persecute Him directly (cf. Matthew 25:40).
Hard for thee to kick against the pricks (σκληρόν σοι πρὸς κέντρα λακτίζειν, sklēron soi pros kentra laktizein)—A Greek proverb about an ox kicking against the goad, injuring itself while resisting the farmer. Saul's persecution was self-destructive resistance to divine conviction, likely building since Stephen's martyrdom (Acts 7:58).