2 Samuel 13:12

Authorized King James Version

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And she answered him, Nay, my brother, do not force me; for no such thing ought to be done in Israel: do not thou this folly.

Original Language Analysis

וַתֹּ֣אמֶר And she answered H559
וַתֹּ֣אמֶר And she answered
Strong's: H559
Word #: 1 of 16
to say (used with great latitude)
ל֗וֹ H0
ל֗וֹ
Strong's: H0
Word #: 2 of 16
אַל H408
אַל
Strong's: H408
Word #: 3 of 16
not (the qualified negation, used as a deprecative); once (job 24:25) as a noun, nothing
אָחִי֙ him Nay my brother H251
אָחִי֙ him Nay my brother
Strong's: H251
Word #: 4 of 16
a brother (used in the widest sense of literal relationship and metaphorical affinity or resemblance [like h0001])
אַל H408
אַל
Strong's: H408
Word #: 5 of 16
not (the qualified negation, used as a deprecative); once (job 24:25) as a noun, nothing
תְּעַנֵּ֔נִי do not force H6031
תְּעַנֵּ֔נִי do not force
Strong's: H6031
Word #: 6 of 16
to depress literally or figuratively, transitive or intransitive (in various applications, as follows)
כִּ֛י H3588
כִּ֛י
Strong's: H3588
Word #: 7 of 16
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
לֹֽא H3808
לֹֽא
Strong's: H3808
Word #: 8 of 16
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
תַּעֲשֵׂ֖ה do H6213
תַּעֲשֵׂ֖ה do
Strong's: H6213
Word #: 9 of 16
to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application
כֵ֖ן me for no such thing ought H3651
כֵ֖ן me for no such thing ought
Strong's: H3651
Word #: 10 of 16
properly, set upright; hence (figuratively as adjective) just; but usually (as adverb or conjunction) rightly or so (in various applications to manner
בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל in Israel H3478
בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל in Israel
Strong's: H3478
Word #: 11 of 16
he will rule as god; jisral, a symbolical name of jacob; also (typically) of his posterity
אַֽל H408
אַֽל
Strong's: H408
Word #: 12 of 16
not (the qualified negation, used as a deprecative); once (job 24:25) as a noun, nothing
תַּעֲשֵׂ֖ה do H6213
תַּעֲשֵׂ֖ה do
Strong's: H6213
Word #: 13 of 16
to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application
אֶת H853
אֶת
Strong's: H853
Word #: 14 of 16
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
הַנְּבָלָ֥ה not thou this folly H5039
הַנְּבָלָ֥ה not thou this folly
Strong's: H5039
Word #: 15 of 16
foolishness, i.e., (morally) wickedness; concretely, a crime; by extension, punishment
הַזֹּֽאת׃ H2063
הַזֹּֽאת׃
Strong's: H2063
Word #: 16 of 16
this (often used adverb)

Analysis & Commentary

And she answered him, Nay, my brother, do not force me; for no such thing ought to be done in Israel: do not thou this folly.

This verse contributes to the narrative of Amnon and Tamar, emphasizing unresolved sin, family breakdown. Amnon's rape of Tamar and Absalom's revenge illustrate how unresolved sin metastasizes into family-wide dysfunction. David's failure to discipline Amnon (possibly from guilt over his own sexual sin) enabled further tragedy. Hebrew terminology emphasizes Tamar's desolation and Absalom's calculated hatred. The narrative demonstrates intergenerational sin consequences and the necessity of proper justice administration.

Historical Context

The historical setting of 2 Samuel 13 occurs during David's reign (circa 1010-970 BCE) over Israel's united monarchy. Archaeological discoveries, including the Tel Dan inscription mentioning the 'House of David,' corroborate biblical historicity. Ancient Near Eastern customs regarding unresolved sin, family breakdown provide crucial background. The geopolitical situation involved regional powers—Philistines, Ammonites, Arameans, Moabites, Edomites—as David consolidated and expanded Israel's territory. Cultural practices concerning kingship, warfare, covenant relationships, family dynamics, and religious observance differed significantly from modern Western contexts, requiring careful attention to avoid anachronistic interpretation while extracting timeless theological principles applicable across cultures and eras.

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