1 Thessalonians 5:12

Authorized King James Version

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And we beseech you, brethren, to know them which labour among you, and are over you in the Lord, and admonish you;

Original Language Analysis

Ἐρωτῶμεν we beseech G2065
Ἐρωτῶμεν we beseech
Strong's: G2065
Word #: 1 of 17
to interrogate; by implication, to request
δὲ And G1161
δὲ And
Strong's: G1161
Word #: 2 of 17
but, and, etc
ὑμᾶς you G5209
ὑμᾶς you
Strong's: G5209
Word #: 3 of 17
you (as the objective of a verb or preposition)
ἀδελφοί brethren G80
ἀδελφοί brethren
Strong's: G80
Word #: 4 of 17
a brother (literally or figuratively) near or remote (much like g0001)
εἰδέναι to know G1492
εἰδέναι to know
Strong's: G1492
Word #: 5 of 17
used only in certain past tenses, the others being borrowed from the equivalent g3700 and g3708; properly, to see (literally or figuratively); by impl
τοὺς them which G3588
τοὺς them which
Strong's: G3588
Word #: 6 of 17
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
κοπιῶντας labour G2872
κοπιῶντας labour
Strong's: G2872
Word #: 7 of 17
to feel fatigue; by implication, to work hard
ἐν among G1722
ἐν among
Strong's: G1722
Word #: 8 of 17
"in," at, (up-)on, by, etc
ὑμῖν you G5213
ὑμῖν you
Strong's: G5213
Word #: 9 of 17
to (with or by) you
καὶ and G2532
καὶ and
Strong's: G2532
Word #: 10 of 17
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
προϊσταμένους are over G4291
προϊσταμένους are over
Strong's: G4291
Word #: 11 of 17
to stand before, i.e., (in rank) to preside, or (by implication) to practise
ὑμῶν you G5216
ὑμῶν you
Strong's: G5216
Word #: 12 of 17
of (from or concerning) you
ἐν among G1722
ἐν among
Strong's: G1722
Word #: 13 of 17
"in," at, (up-)on, by, etc
κυρίῳ the Lord G2962
κυρίῳ the Lord
Strong's: G2962
Word #: 14 of 17
supreme in authority, i.e., (as noun) controller; by implication, master (as a respectful title)
καὶ and G2532
καὶ and
Strong's: G2532
Word #: 15 of 17
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
νουθετοῦντας admonish G3560
νουθετοῦντας admonish
Strong's: G3560
Word #: 16 of 17
to put in mind, i.e., (by implication) to caution or reprove gently
ὑμᾶς you G5209
ὑμᾶς you
Strong's: G5209
Word #: 17 of 17
you (as the objective of a verb or preposition)

Cross References

Hebrews 13:17Obey them that have the rule over you, and submit yourselves: for they watch for your souls, as they that must give account, that they may do it with joy, and not with grief: for that is unprofitable for you.Hebrews 13:7Remember them which have the rule over you, who have spoken unto you the word of God: whose faith follow, considering the end of their conversation.1 Corinthians 16:18For they have refreshed my spirit and your's: therefore acknowledge ye them that are such.1 Corinthians 16:16That ye submit yourselves unto such, and to every one that helpeth with us, and laboureth.1 Corinthians 15:10But by the grace of God I am what I am: and his grace which was bestowed upon me was not in vain; but I laboured more abundantly than they all: yet not I, but the grace of God which was with me.1 Thessalonians 5:14Now we exhort you, brethren, warn them that are unruly, comfort the feebleminded, support the weak, be patient toward all men.Luke 10:7And in the same house remain, eating and drinking such things as they give: for the labourer is worthy of his hire. Go not from house to house.Titus 1:3But hath in due times manifested his word through preaching, which is committed unto me according to the commandment of God our Saviour;Acts 20:35I have shewed you all things, how that so labouring ye ought to support the weak, and to remember the words of the Lord Jesus, how he said, It is more blessed to give than to receive.Acts 20:28Take heed therefore unto yourselves, and to all the flock, over the which the Holy Ghost hath made you overseers, to feed the church of God, which he hath purchased with his own blood.

Analysis & Commentary

And we beseech you, brethren, to know them which labour among you, and are over you in the Lord, and admonish youerōtōmen de hymas, adelphoi, eidenai tous kopiōntas en hymin kai proistamenous hymōn en Kyriō kai nouthetountas hymas (ἐρωτῶμεν δὲ ὑμᾶς, ἀδελφοί, εἰδέναι τοὺς κοπιῶντας ἐν ὑμῖν καὶ προϊσταμένους ὑμῶν ἐν Κυρίῳ καὶ νουθετοῦντας ὑμᾶς). Paul transitions to church order (vv. 12-22). Leaders are described three ways:

  1. kopiōntas (κοπιῶντας, 'laboring to exhaustion')—ministry is hard work, not honored position
  2. proistamenous en Kyriō (προϊσταμένους ἐν Κυρίῳ, 'leading/ruling in the Lord')—exercising oversight under Christ's authority
  3. nouthetountas (νουθετοῦντας, 'admonishing/warning')—confronting sin and error.

    To know them (eidenai, εἰδέναι, 'to know/recognize/appreciate')—not mere awareness but respectful recognition of their ministry.

Churches need leaders; leaders need recognition. The three-fold description emphasizes servant-leadership: toiling laborers, not domineering lords (1 Pet 5:3); rulers 'in the Lord,' not autonomous authorities; admonishers who warn, not flatterers who placate. Biblical eldership combines affectionate care (like nursing mothers, 2:7) with firm admonition (like fathers, 2:11).

Historical Context

The Thessalonian church was young (months old) without established leadership structures. Paul apparently appointed leaders during his brief ministry (cf. Acts 14:23) who continued pastoring after his departure. Some members may have resisted these leaders' authority, especially admonition. Paul establishes pastoral authority: leaders who labor, rule, and admonish deserve recognition. This balanced authoritarianism (clergy lording over laity) and egalitarianism (rejecting all leadership). Biblical church polity requires both servant-leaders and submissive members (Heb 13:17), authority exercised humbly and received willingly.

Questions for Reflection

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