1 Kings 10:13

Authorized King James Version

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And king Solomon gave unto the queen of Sheba all her desire, whatsoever she asked, beside that which Solomon gave her of his royal bounty. So she turned and went to her own country, she and her servants.

Original Language Analysis

הַמֶּ֣לֶךְ And king H4428
הַמֶּ֣לֶךְ And king
Strong's: H4428
Word #: 1 of 22
a king
שְׁלֹמֹ֑ה Solomon H8010
שְׁלֹמֹ֑ה Solomon
Strong's: H8010
Word #: 2 of 22
shelomah, david's successor
נָֽתַן gave H5414
נָֽתַן gave
Strong's: H5414
Word #: 3 of 22
to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.)
לְמַֽלְכַּת unto the queen H4436
לְמַֽלְכַּת unto the queen
Strong's: H4436
Word #: 4 of 22
a queen
שְׁבָ֗א of Sheba H7614
שְׁבָ֗א of Sheba
Strong's: H7614
Word #: 5 of 22
sheba, the name of three early progenitors of tribes and of an ethiopian district
אֶת H853
אֶת
Strong's: H853
Word #: 6 of 22
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
כָּל H3605
כָּל
Strong's: H3605
Word #: 7 of 22
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
חֶפְצָהּ֙ all her desire H2656
חֶפְצָהּ֙ all her desire
Strong's: H2656
Word #: 8 of 22
pleasure; hence (abstractly) desire; concretely, a valuable thing; hence (by extension) a matter (as something in mind)
אֲשֶׁ֣ר H834
אֲשֶׁ֣ר
Strong's: H834
Word #: 9 of 22
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
שָׁאָ֔לָה whatsoever she asked H7592
שָׁאָ֔לָה whatsoever she asked
Strong's: H7592
Word #: 10 of 22
to inquire; by implication, to request; by extension, to demand
מִלְּבַד֙ H905
מִלְּבַד֙
Strong's: H905
Word #: 11 of 22
properly, separation; by implication, a part of the body, branch of a tree, bar for carrying; figuratively, chief of a city; especially (with preposit
אֲשֶׁ֣ר H834
אֲשֶׁ֣ר
Strong's: H834
Word #: 12 of 22
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
נָֽתַן gave H5414
נָֽתַן gave
Strong's: H5414
Word #: 13 of 22
to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.)
לָ֔הּ H0
לָ֔הּ
Strong's: H0
Word #: 14 of 22
כְּיַ֖ד bounty H3027
כְּיַ֖ד bounty
Strong's: H3027
Word #: 15 of 22
a hand (the open one [indicating power, means, direction, etc.], in distinction from h3709, the closed one); used (as noun, adverb, etc.) in a great v
הַמֶּ֣לֶךְ And king H4428
הַמֶּ֣לֶךְ And king
Strong's: H4428
Word #: 16 of 22
a king
שְׁלֹמֹ֑ה Solomon H8010
שְׁלֹמֹ֑ה Solomon
Strong's: H8010
Word #: 17 of 22
shelomah, david's successor
וַתֵּ֛פֶן So she turned H6437
וַתֵּ֛פֶן So she turned
Strong's: H6437
Word #: 18 of 22
to turn; by implication, to face, i.e., appear, look, etc
וַתֵּ֥לֶךְ H1980
וַתֵּ֥לֶךְ
Strong's: H1980
Word #: 19 of 22
to walk (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively)
לְאַרְצָ֖הּ to her own country H776
לְאַרְצָ֖הּ to her own country
Strong's: H776
Word #: 20 of 22
the earth (at large, or partitively a land)
הִ֥יא H1931
הִ֥יא
Strong's: H1931
Word #: 21 of 22
he (she or it); only expressed when emphatic or without a verb; also (intensively) self, or (especially with the article) the same; sometimes (as demo
וַֽעֲבָדֶֽיהָ׃ she and her servants H5650
וַֽעֲבָדֶֽיהָ׃ she and her servants
Strong's: H5650
Word #: 22 of 22
a servant

Analysis & Commentary

And king Solomon gave unto the queen of Sheba all her desire, whatsoever she asked, beside that which Solomon gave her of his royal bounty. So she turned and went to her own country, she and her servants.

This verse contributes to the broader narrative of queen of sheba and solomon's wealth, within the book's focus on Solomon's wisdom, temple building, and tragic apostasy.

The Hebrew text reveals nuances important for understanding this passage's contribution to 1 Kings' theological message about kingship, covenant, and faithfulness to Yahweh. This verse demonstrates the consequences when God's people—especially their leaders—either follow or forsake the covenant established at Sinai.

Historical Context

First Kings was written during or after the Babylonian exile (6th century BCE), reflecting on the monarchy period (10th-9th centuries BCE) to explain why the kingdoms fell. Solomon's reign (c. 970-930 BCE) represented Israel's golden age of peace and prosperity.

Ancient Near Eastern kingship ideology viewed kings as divine representatives responsible for maintaining cosmic order through right worship. Archaeological discoveries from sites like Megiddo, Hazor, and Samaria confirm the historical reliability of 1 Kings' descriptions of building projects and administrative structures.

Questions for Reflection

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