Psalms 22:13
A focused desk for reading, commentary, cross-references, original language notes, and your own observations.
Psalms 22:13
13 They gaped upon me with their mouths, as a ravening and a roaring lion.
Chapter Context
Psalms 22 is a lament psalm chapter in the Old Testament that explores themes of prayer, faith, salvation. Written during various periods (c. 1000-400 BCE), this chapter should be understood within its historical context: Temple worship utilized these compositions across various periods of Israel's history.
The chapter can be divided into several sections:
- Verses 1-5: Introduction and setting the context
- Verses 6-12: Development of key themes
- Verses 13-20: Central message and teachings
- Verses 21-31: Conclusion and application
This chapter is significant because it reveals key aspects of God's character through divine actions and declarations. When studying this passage, it's important to consider both its immediate context within Psalms and its broader place in the scriptural canon.
Verse Study
Psalms 22:13
13 They gaped upon me with their mouths, as a ravening and a roaring lion.
Analysis
The imagery of enemies as 'ravening and roaring lions' depicts their fierce, predatory nature. This evokes Satan as a 'roaring lion seeking whom he may devour' (1 Pet. 5:8). From a Reformed perspective, Christ faced the full fury of satanic opposition and human evil at the cross, yet triumphed through apparent defeat. The 'gaped upon me' suggests open-mouthed aggression, emphasizing the hostility Christ endured to secure salvation.
Historical Context
Lions were symbols of deadly danger in ancient Israel. The metaphor communicated mortal threat and terror. For Jesus, the 'lions' included Satan, religious leaders, Roman authorities, and the principalities and powers arrayed against God's Messiah.
Reflection
- How does Christ's victory over 'roaring lions' give you confidence against spiritual enemies?
- What 'lions' in your life has Christ already defeated through His cross?
Cross-References
- Parallel theme: Psalms 17:12, 35:21, Job 16:10, Lamentations 2:16, 3:46, 1 Peter 5:8