Matthew 26:19
A focused desk for reading, commentary, cross-references, original language notes, and your own observations.
Matthew 26:19
19 And the disciples did as Jesus had appointed them; and they made ready the passover.
Chapter Context
Matthew 26 is a biographical gospel chapter in the New Testament that explores themes of sacrifice, fellowship, prayer. Written during the late first century CE (c. 80-90 CE), this chapter should be understood within its historical context: Written when Christianity was separating from Judaism following Jerusalem's destruction.
The chapter can be divided into several sections:
- Verses 1-5: Introduction and setting the context
- Verses 6-12: Development of key themes
- Verses 13-20: Central message and teachings
- Verses 21-75: Conclusion and application
This chapter is significant because it contributes to the biblical metanarrative of redemption. When studying this passage, it's important to consider both its immediate context within Matthew and its broader place in the scriptural canon.
Verse Study
Matthew 26:19
19 And the disciples did as Jesus had appointed them; and they made ready the passover.
Analysis
The disciples did as Jesus had appointed them (ἐποίησαν οἱ μαθηταὶ ὡς συνέταξεν αὐτοῖς ὁ Ἰησοῦς, epoiēsan hoi mathētai hōs synetaxen autois ho Iēsous)—The verb syntassō means 'to arrange, command, prescribe.' Their obedience mirrors Israel's response to Passover instructions in Exodus 12:28: as the LORD commanded Moses and Aaron, so did they.
They made ready the passover—This required purchasing an unblemished lamb, having it slaughtered at the Temple, roasting it whole, preparing unleavened bread (matzah), bitter herbs (maror), charoset (fruit paste), and four cups of wine. The preparation foreshadows the disciples' future role in preparing hearts for the true Passover Lamb's sacrifice.
Historical Context
Passover preparation was elaborate and time-consuming. The lamb had to be inspected for defects (picturing Christ's sinless perfection), slaughtered between 3-5 PM on Nisan 14, and roasted whole without breaking bones (fulfilled in John 19:36). The meal followed strict liturgical order called the Haggadah, recounting the Exodus story.
Reflection
- How does careful obedience to Christ's instructions prepare us for spiritual revelation?
- What parallels exist between preparing the Passover lamb and Christ's examination before crucifixion?