Exodus 12:22
A focused desk for reading, commentary, cross-references, original language notes, and your own observations.
Exodus 12:22
22 And ye shall take a bunch of hyssop, and dip it in the blood that is in the bason, and strike the lintel and the two side posts with the blood that is in the bason; and none of you shall go out at the door of his house until the morning.
Chapter Context
Exodus 12 is a narrative with legal sections chapter in the Old Testament that explores themes of fellowship, faith, salvation. Written during the Egyptian bondage and wilderness wandering (c. 1446-1406 BCE), this chapter should be understood within its historical context: Egypt was the dominant superpower with a complex polytheistic religion and a god-king pharaoh.
The chapter can be divided into several sections:
- Verses 1-5: Introduction and setting the context
- Verses 6-12: Development of key themes
- Verses 13-20: Central message and teachings
- Verses 21-51: Conclusion and application
This chapter is significant because it provides essential context for understanding God's covenant relationship with His people. When studying this passage, it's important to consider both its immediate context within Exodus and its broader place in the scriptural canon.
Verse Study
Exodus 12:22
22 And ye shall take a bunch of hyssop, and dip it in the blood that is in the bason, and strike the lintel and the two side posts with the blood that is in the bason; and none of you shall go out at the door of his house until the morning.
Analysis
The 'hyssop' (ezov, אֵזוֹב) was a common plant with absorbent properties, perfect for sprinkling blood. Its use in cleansing ceremonies (Leviticus 14:4, Numbers 19:6, Psalm 51:7) made it associated with purification. The 'basin' (saf, סַף) held the lamb's blood. The three-fold application (two side posts, upper lintel) and the prohibition to leave the house 'until morning' created a blood-sealed refuge where judgment could not enter.
Historical Context
Hyssop (possibly marjoram) grew abundantly and had bushy branches ideal for applying liquids. Its later use at Christ's crucifixion (John 19:29) creates typological connection.
Reflection
- How does the hyssop branch, a humble plant, teach that God uses simple means to apply saving grace?
- What does remaining inside the blood-marked house teach about abiding in Christ for safety from judgment?
Word Studies
- Blood: דָּם (Dam) H1818 - Blood
Cross-References
- Blood: Exodus 12:7, Hebrews 9:19, 11:28
- Parallel theme: Numbers 19:18, Psalms 51:7, Hebrews 9:1