Ruth 4:2
And he took ten men of the elders of the city, and said, Sit ye down here. And they sat down.
Original Language Analysis
Cross References
Historical Context
Ancient Israelite legal proceedings required multiple witnesses for validity (Deuteronomy 19:15). Ten elders represented substantial witness pool ensuring transaction couldn't be disputed. These weren't random bystanders but respected community leaders whose testimony carried weight. Archaeological discoveries of ancient gate complexes show benches where such assemblies occurred. The public nature protected all parties' interests and created binding legal precedent. Boaz's meticulous attention to proper procedure demonstrates that godly living includes scrupulous adherence to legal requirements, not cutting corners even when personal interests are at stake.
Questions for Reflection
- What does Boaz's careful assembly of witnesses teach about the importance of transparency in important decisions?
- How does this demonstrate that ends don't justify means—even good outcomes must be achieved through proper processes?
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Analysis & Commentary
Witnesses assembled: 'And he took ten men of the elders of the city, and said, Sit ye down here'. Boaz gathered required witnesses—ten elders representing the community. This number ensured legal validity and demonstrated the transaction's public, official nature. The specific number 'ten' later became the minimum for Jewish legal proceedings (minyan). Boaz's careful assembly of proper witnesses shows his determination that the redemption be legally unassailable and publicly recognized.