Romans 8:22

Authorized King James Version

For we know that the whole creation groaneth and travaileth in pain together until now.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
οἴδαμεν
we know
used only in certain past tenses, the others being borrowed from the equivalent g3700 and g3708; properly, to see (literally or figuratively); by impl
#2
γὰρ
For
properly, assigning a reason (used in argument, explanation or intensification; often with other particles)
#3
ὅτι
that
demonstrative, that (sometimes redundant); causative, because
#4
πᾶσα
the whole
all, any, every, the whole
#5
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#6
κτίσις
creation
original formation (properly, the act; by implication, the thing, literally or figuratively)
#7
συστενάζει
groaneth
to moan jointly, i.e., (figuratively) experience a common calamity
#8
καὶ
and
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#9
συνωδίνει
travaileth in pain together
to have (parturition) pangs in company (concert, simultaneously) with, i.e., (figuratively) to sympathize (in expectation of relief from suffering)
#10
ἄχρι
until
(of time) until or (of place) up to
#11
τοῦ
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#12
νῦν·
now
"now" (as adverb of date, a transition or emphasis); also as noun or adjective present or immediate

Analysis

The salvation theme here intersects with the metanarrative of redemption running from Genesis to Revelation. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of a unified storyline from the promise in Genesis 3:15 to its fulfillment in Christ. The phrase emphasizing divine revelation contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's saving work from the Exodus to the cross.

Historical Context

The historical context of the early imperial period under Nero (c. 57 CE) provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The Roman Empire at its height, with sophisticated legal systems, diverse religious practices, and increasing Christian presence in major urban centers shaped Paul's theological arguments. The Greco-Roman urban culture with diverse religious and philosophical influences would have shaped how the original audience understood divine revelation. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Inscriptions from Corinth and Rome reveal the social dynamics and religious pluralism that shaped early Christian communities.

Questions for Reflection

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