Romans 16:20

Authorized King James Version

And the God of peace shall bruise Satan under your feet shortly. The grace of our Lord Jesus Christ be with you. Amen.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#2
δὲ
And
but, and, etc
#3
θεὸς
the God
a deity, especially (with g3588) the supreme divinity; figuratively, a magistrate; exceedingly (by hebraism)
#4
τῆς
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#5
εἰρήνης
of peace
peace (literally or figuratively); by implication, prosperity
#6
συντρίψει
shall bruise
to crush completely, i.e., to shatter (literally or figuratively)
#7
τὸν
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#8
Σατανᾶν
Satan
the accuser, i.e., the devil
#9
ὑπὸ
under
under, i.e., (with the genitive case) of place (beneath), or with verbs (the agency or means, through); (with the accusative case) of place (whither (
#10
τοὺς
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#11
πόδας
feet
a "foot" (figuratively or literally)
#12
ὑμῶν
you
of (from or concerning) you
#13
ἐν
shortly
"in," at, (up-)on, by, etc
#14
τάχει
a brief space (of time), i.e., (with g1722 prefixed) in haste
#15
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#16
χάρις
The grace
graciousness (as gratifying), of manner or act (abstract or concrete; literal, figurative or spiritual; especially the divine influence upon the heart
#17
τοῦ
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#18
κυρίου
Lord
supreme in authority, i.e., (as noun) controller; by implication, master (as a respectful title)
#19
ἡμῶν
of our
of (or from) us
#20
Ἰησοῦ
Jesus
jesus (i.e., jehoshua), the name of our lord and two (three) other israelites
#21
Χριστοῦ
Christ
anointed, i.e., the messiah, an epithet of jesus
#22
μεθ'
be with
properly, denoting accompaniment; "amid" (local or causal); modified variously according to the case (genitive association, or accusative succession)
#23
ὑμῶν
you
of (from or concerning) you
#24
ἀμήν.
Amen
properly, firm, i.e., (figuratively) trustworthy; adverbially, surely (often as interjection, so be it)

Analysis

The salvation theme here intersects with the metanarrative of redemption running from Genesis to Revelation. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of a unified storyline from the promise in Genesis 3:15 to its fulfillment in Christ. The phrase emphasizing grace relates to the doctrine of soteriology and God's unmerited favor in salvation and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's saving work from the Exodus to the cross.

Historical Context

The literary and historical milieu of Hellenistic epistolary literature with sophisticated theological argumentation shapes this text's meaning. Paul's systematic presentation built upon centuries of Jewish understanding about righteousness and divine justice Understanding a worldview shaped by both Jewish monotheism and Greco-Roman philosophical thought helps modern readers appreciate why the author emphasizes grace in this particular way.

Questions for Reflection

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