Romans 15:10
And again he saith, Rejoice, ye Gentiles, with his people.
Original Language Analysis
καὶ
And
G2532
καὶ
And
Strong's:
G2532
Word #:
1 of 9
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
πάλιν
again
G3825
πάλιν
again
Strong's:
G3825
Word #:
2 of 9
(adverbially) anew, i.e., (of place) back, (of time) once more, or (conjunctionally) furthermore or on the other hand
λέγει
he saith
G3004
λέγει
he saith
Strong's:
G3004
Word #:
3 of 9
properly, to "lay" forth, i.e., (figuratively) relate (in words (usually of systematic or set discourse; whereas g2036 and g5346 generally refer to an
Εὐφράνθητε
Rejoice ye
G2165
Εὐφράνθητε
Rejoice ye
Strong's:
G2165
Word #:
4 of 9
to put (middle voice or passively, be) in a good frame of mind, i.e., rejoice
ἔθνη
Gentiles
G1484
ἔθνη
Gentiles
Strong's:
G1484
Word #:
5 of 9
a race (as of the same habit), i.e., a tribe; specially, a foreign (non-jewish) one (usually, by implication, pagan)
μετὰ
with
G3326
μετὰ
with
Strong's:
G3326
Word #:
6 of 9
properly, denoting accompaniment; "amid" (local or causal); modified variously according to the case (genitive association, or accusative succession)
τοῦ
G3588
τοῦ
Strong's:
G3588
Word #:
7 of 9
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
Cross References
Historical Context
Deuteronomy 32:43 in the Septuagint includes lines not in the Hebrew Masoretic Text but present in Dead Sea Scroll fragments, validating Paul's use. The text's call for Gentile rejoicing 'with his people' was eschatologically oriented in Judaism—associated with Messiah's age. Paul argues this age has dawned in Christ, so Gentile inclusion now is prophetic fulfillment.
Questions for Reflection
- How does the image of Gentiles rejoicing 'with' Israel (not replacing it) shape your understanding of the church's relationship to God's ancient people?
- What does Gentile and Jewish believers rejoicing together reveal about God's character and purposes?
- In what ways does your worship reflect the multi-ethnic, inclusive vision of God's people that Scripture anticipates?
Related Resources
Explore related topics, people, and study resources to deepen your understanding of this passage.
Analysis & Commentary
And again he saith, Rejoice, ye Gentiles, with his people (καὶ πάλιν λέγει· Εὐφράνθητε, ἔθνη, μετὰ τοῦ λαοῦ αὐτοῦ, kai palin legei· euphranthēte, ethnē, meta tou laou autou)—Paul's second quotation comes from Moses' final song (Deut 32:43, LXX). Euphranthēte (rejoice, be glad) is an imperative: Gentiles are commanded to join Israel's rejoicing. Meta tou laou autou (with his people) indicates inclusion, not replacement—Gentiles join Israel in worship, forming one multi-ethnic people of God. This isn't Gentile replacement of Israel but Gentile addition to Israel through Christ.
The Deuteronomy 32 context is significant: Moses' song predicts Israel's rebellion, God's judgment, and eventual vindication when God avenges his people and atones for their land. In that eschatological restoration, Gentiles rejoice with Israel—precisely what Paul sees happening in the gospel. The church's Jewish-Gentile unity is eschatological fulfillment of Torah's own vision.