Romans 11:21

Authorized King James Version

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For if God spared not the natural branches, take heed lest he also spare not thee.

Original Language Analysis

εἰ if G1487
εἰ if
Strong's: G1487
Word #: 1 of 14
if, whether, that, etc
γὰρ For G1063
γὰρ For
Strong's: G1063
Word #: 2 of 14
properly, assigning a reason (used in argument, explanation or intensification; often with other particles)
G3588
Strong's: G3588
Word #: 3 of 14
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
θεὸς God G2316
θεὸς God
Strong's: G2316
Word #: 4 of 14
a deity, especially (with g3588) the supreme divinity; figuratively, a magistrate; exceedingly (by hebraism)
τῶν G3588
τῶν
Strong's: G3588
Word #: 5 of 14
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
κατὰ G2596
κατὰ
Strong's: G2596
Word #: 6 of 14
(prepositionally) down (in place or time), in varied relations (according to the case (genitive, dative or accusative) with which it is joined)
φύσιν the natural G5449
φύσιν the natural
Strong's: G5449
Word #: 7 of 14
growth (by germination or expansion), i.e., (by implication) natural production (lineal descent); by extension, a genus or sort; figuratively, native
κλάδων branches G2798
κλάδων branches
Strong's: G2798
Word #: 8 of 14
a twig or bough (as if broken off)
οὐκ not G3756
οὐκ not
Strong's: G3756
Word #: 9 of 14
the absolute negative (compare g3361) adverb; no or not
φείσηται he G5339
φείσηται he
Strong's: G5339
Word #: 10 of 14
to be chary of, i.e., (subjectively) to abstain or (objectively) to treat leniently
μήπως also G3381
μήπως also
Strong's: G3381
Word #: 11 of 14
lest somehow
οὐδὲ not G3761
οὐδὲ not
Strong's: G3761
Word #: 12 of 14
not however, i.e., neither, nor, not even
σοῦ thee G4675
σοῦ thee
Strong's: G4675
Word #: 13 of 14
of thee, thy
φείσηται he G5339
φείσηται he
Strong's: G5339
Word #: 14 of 14
to be chary of, i.e., (subjectively) to abstain or (objectively) to treat leniently

Analysis & Commentary

For if God spared not the natural branchesei gar ho theos tōn kata physin kladōn ouk epheisato (εἰ γὰρ ὁ θεὸς τῶν κατὰ φύσιν κλάδων οὐκ ἐφείσατο). The phrase kata physin (κατὰ φύσιν, "according to nature") emphasizes Israel's natural position as covenant people. If God broke off natural branches due to unbelief, the warning to Gentiles is sobering: take heed lest he also spare not thee (mēpōs oude sou pheisētai, μήπως οὐδὲ σοῦ φείσηται).

The logic is a fortiori again: if God disciplined His own covenant people, how much more will He discipline grafted-in Gentiles who presume on grace? The verb pheidomai (φείδομαι, "spare") suggests judgment withheld or enacted. Paul is not teaching loss of salvation but warning against presumption. Churches, like individuals, can fall under divine judgment for persistent unbelief and arrogance (Revelation 2-3). Gentile Christianity is not immune to the discipline that befell unbelieving Israel.

Historical Context

This warning proved prophetic. Gentile Christianity did develop supersessionist arrogance, contributing to centuries of antisemitism and persecution of Jews. Paul's warning—if heeded—would have prevented immense evil.

Questions for Reflection

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