Romans 11:18

Authorized King James Version

PDF

Boast not against the branches. But if thou boast, thou bearest not the root, but the root thee.

Original Language Analysis

μὴ not G3361
μὴ not
Strong's: G3361
Word #: 1 of 16
(adverb) not, (conjunction) lest; also (as an interrogative implying a negative answer (whereas g3756 expects an affirmative one)) whether
κατακαυχᾶσαι Boast G2620
κατακαυχᾶσαι Boast
Strong's: G2620
Word #: 2 of 16
to exult against (i.e., over)
τῶν G3588
τῶν
Strong's: G3588
Word #: 3 of 16
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
κλάδων· the branches G2798
κλάδων· the branches
Strong's: G2798
Word #: 4 of 16
a twig or bough (as if broken off)
εἰ if G1487
εἰ if
Strong's: G1487
Word #: 5 of 16
if, whether, that, etc
δὲ But G1161
δὲ But
Strong's: G1161
Word #: 6 of 16
but, and, etc
κατακαυχᾶσαι Boast G2620
κατακαυχᾶσαι Boast
Strong's: G2620
Word #: 7 of 16
to exult against (i.e., over)
οὐ not G3756
οὐ not
Strong's: G3756
Word #: 8 of 16
the absolute negative (compare g3361) adverb; no or not
σὺ thou G4771
σὺ thou
Strong's: G4771
Word #: 9 of 16
thou
τὴν G3588
τὴν
Strong's: G3588
Word #: 10 of 16
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
ῥίζα the root G4491
ῥίζα the root
Strong's: G4491
Word #: 11 of 16
a "root" (literally or figuratively)
βαστάζεις bearest G941
βαστάζεις bearest
Strong's: G941
Word #: 12 of 16
to lift, literally or figuratively (endure, declare, sustain, receive, etc.)
ἀλλ' but G235
ἀλλ' but
Strong's: G235
Word #: 13 of 16
properly, other things, i.e., (adverbially) contrariwise (in many relations)
G3588
Strong's: G3588
Word #: 14 of 16
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
ῥίζα the root G4491
ῥίζα the root
Strong's: G4491
Word #: 15 of 16
a "root" (literally or figuratively)
σέ thee G4571
σέ thee
Strong's: G4571
Word #: 16 of 16
thee

Analysis & Commentary

Boast not against the branchesmē katakauchō (μὴ κατακαυχῶ) is a present imperative prohibition: "stop boasting" or "do not boast." Paul addresses Gentile arrogance toward unbelieving Jews (broken-off branches). The warning is sharp: But if thou boast, thou bearest not the root, but the root thee. Gentiles did not produce the covenant; they are sustained by it. The root (patriarchs/covenant) bears the branches (believers), not vice versa.

This verse targets Gentile triumphalism—the attitude that "we replaced Israel; they failed." Paul demolishes this: Gentiles are dependents, grafted into Israel's tree. Covenant blessing flows from Israel to the nations, not the reverse. The verb bastazō (βαστάζω, "bear/support") emphasizes the root's sustaining role. Gentiles owe everything to the Abrahamic covenant, which is Jewish in origin. Arrogance toward Israel is therefore absurd and ungrateful.

Historical Context

By the late 50s AD, Gentile Christians in Rome may have developed superiority attitudes toward the Jewish minority, especially after Claudius's expulsion. Paul corrects this with force: you are the guests, grafted into their covenant. Humility, not boasting, is appropriate.

Questions for Reflection

Related Resources

Explore related topics, people, and study resources to deepen your understanding of this passage.

Topics