Romans 11:10

Authorized King James Version

Let their eyes be darkened, that they may not see, and bow down their back alway.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
σκοτισθήτωσαν
Let
to obscure (literally or figuratively)
#2
οἱ
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#3
ὀφθαλμοὶ
eyes
the eye (literally or figuratively); by implication, vision; figuratively, envy (from the jealous side-glance)
#4
αὐτῶν
their
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
#5
τοῦ
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#6
μὴ
not
(adverb) not, (conjunction) lest; also (as an interrogative implying a negative answer (whereas g3756 expects an affirmative one)) whether
#7
βλέπειν
see
to look at (literally or figuratively)
#8
καὶ
and
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#9
τὸν
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#10
νῶτον
back
the back
#11
αὐτῶν
their
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
#12
διαπαντός
alway
through all time, i.e., (adverbially) constantly
#13
σύγκαμψον
bow down
to bend together, i.e., (figuratively) to afflict

Analysis

Within the broader context of Romans, this passage highlights salvation through declarative statements that establish theological truth. The theological weight of divine revelation connects to fundamental Christian doctrine about divine revelation, contributing to our understanding of God's nature and relationship with humanity. This verse contributes to the book's overall argument by building upon previous themes while advancing the overall message of Romans.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the cosmopolitan capital of the Roman Empire with diverse populations. The author writes to address a mixed congregation of Jewish and Gentile believers in the imperial capital, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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