Psalms 89:39

Authorized King James Version

Thou hast made void the covenant of thy servant: thou hast profaned his crown by casting it to the ground.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
נֵ֭אַרְתָּה
Thou hast made void
to reject
#2
בְּרִ֣ית
the covenant
a compact (because made by passing between pieces of flesh)
#3
עַבְדֶּ֑ךָ
of thy servant
a servant
#4
חִלַּ֖לְתָּ
thou hast profaned
properly, to bore, i.e., (by implication) to wound, to dissolve; figuratively, to profane (a person, place or thing), to break (one's word), to begin
#5
לָאָ֣רֶץ
by casting it to the ground
the earth (at large, or partitively a land)
#6
נִזְרֽוֹ׃
his crown
properly, something set apart, i.e., (abstractly) dedication (of a priet or nazirite); hence (concretely) unshorn locks; also (by implication) a chapl

Analysis

Within the broader context of Psalms, this passage highlights worship and praise through simile or metaphorical language. The theological weight of covenant connects to fundamental Christian doctrine about covenant, contributing to our understanding of God's nature and relationship with humanity. This verse contributes to the book's overall argument by building upon previous themes while advancing the overall message of Psalms.

Historical Context

The historical context of the monarchic period, particularly David's reign (c. 1000-970 BCE) provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The Israelite monarchy with its temple worship, court life, and constant military threats created the liturgical and emotional context for these prayers and praises. The ancient Israelite worship practices and court culture would have shaped how the original audience understood covenant. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Temple archaeology and ancient musical instruments illuminate the liturgical context of Israelite worship.

Questions for Reflection