Psalms 47:8

Authorized King James Version

God reigneth over the heathen: God sitteth upon the throne of his holiness.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
מָלַ֣ךְ
reigneth
to reign; hence (by implication) to take counsel
#2
אֱ֝לֹהִ֗ים
God
gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme god; occasionally applied by way of
#3
עַל
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#4
גּוֹיִ֑ם
over the heathen
a foreign nation; hence, a gentile; also (figuratively) a troop of animals, or a flight of locusts
#5
אֱ֝לֹהִ֗ים
God
gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme god; occasionally applied by way of
#6
יָשַׁ֤ב׀
sitteth
properly, to sit down (specifically as judge. in ambush, in quiet); by implication, to dwell, to remain; causatively, to settle, to marry
#7
עַל
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#8
כִּסֵּ֬א
upon the throne
properly, covered, i.e., a throne (as canopied)
#9
קָדְשֽׁוֹ׃
of his holiness
a sacred place or thing; rarely abstract, sanctity

Analysis

This verse develops the worship and praise theme central to Psalms. The concept of holiness reflects the proper human response to God's character and works. The divine name or title here functions within worship literature expressing the full range of human experience before God to establish theological authority and covenantal relationship. The original language emphasizes careful word choice that would have carried specific theological weight for the original audience, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

The historical context of the monarchic period, particularly David's reign (c. 1000-970 BCE) provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The Israelite monarchy with its temple worship, court life, and constant military threats created the liturgical and emotional context for these prayers and praises. The ancient Israelite worship practices and court culture would have shaped how the original audience understood holiness. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Temple archaeology and ancient musical instruments illuminate the liturgical context of Israelite worship.

Questions for Reflection