Psalms 25:1

Authorized King James Version

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Unto thee, O LORD, do I lift up my soul.

Original Language Analysis

אֵלֶ֥יךָ H413
אֵלֶ֥יךָ
Strong's: H413
Word #: 1 of 4
near, with or among; often in general, to
יְ֝הוָ֗ה Unto thee O LORD H3068
יְ֝הוָ֗ה Unto thee O LORD
Strong's: H3068
Word #: 2 of 4
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
נַפְשִׁ֥י my soul H5315
נַפְשִׁ֥י my soul
Strong's: H5315
Word #: 3 of 4
properly, a breathing creature, i.e., animal of (abstractly) vitality; used very widely in a literal, accommodated or figurative sense (bodily or ment
אֶשָּֽׂא׃ do I lift up H5375
אֶשָּֽׂא׃ do I lift up
Strong's: H5375
Word #: 4 of 4
to lift, in a great variety of applications, literal and figurative, absolute and relative

Analysis & Commentary

Unto thee, O LORD, do I lift up my soul. This opening verse establishes the psalm's tone of earnest prayer and complete dependence on God. The Hebrew phrase nafshi essa (נַפְשִׁי אֶשָּׂא, "my soul I lift up") uses vivid imagery of elevation and offering. The soul—representing one's entire being, will, emotions, and desires—is actively raised toward God in worship and trust.

"Unto thee, O LORD" (eleyka Yahweh, אֵלֶיךָ יְהוָה) uses the covenant name Yahweh, emphasizing personal relationship with Israel's faithful God. This is not generic prayer to an unknown deity but intimate address to the covenant-keeping God who revealed Himself to Moses and pledged faithful love to His people.

The act of lifting up one's soul suggests several spiritual realities:

  1. active choice—the psalmist deliberately directs his inner being toward God
  2. vulnerability—lifting up exposes and offers oneself without defense
  3. dependence—the upward gesture acknowledges God's transcendence and one's need for divine help
  4. worship—raising the soul expresses adoration and reverence.

    This opening immediately establishes the psalm's acrostic structure (each verse begins with successive letters of the Hebrew alphabet) as a comprehensive, ordered expression of trust.

David presents his whole self to God methodically and completely. The psalm that begins with lifting up the soul will conclude with prayer for Israel's redemption (v.22), moving from personal petition to corporate intercession.

Historical Context

Psalm 25 is attributed to David and follows an acrostic pattern, with each verse beginning with successive letters of the Hebrew alphabet (though with some irregularities). This literary device served as a memory aid and suggested completeness—offering one's whole self from aleph to tav (A to Z).

David likely composed this during a period of distress, facing enemies who sought his shame (v.2) and mocked his trust in God. Whether during Saul's persecution or Absalom's rebellion, David experienced betrayal, danger, and the testing of his faith. The psalm's themes—guidance, forgiveness, deliverance from enemies—reflect situations David faced repeatedly.

The gesture of lifting hands or soul toward God in prayer appears throughout Scripture. Solomon dedicated the temple with hands spread toward heaven (1 Kings 8:22). The Levitical blessing includes lifting hands (Psalm 134:2). Paul commands: "I will therefore that men pray every where, lifting up holy hands" (1 Timothy 2:8).

In ancient Near Eastern culture, physical posture in prayer mattered. Kneeling expressed submission, prostration expressed humility or desperation, and lifting hands or eyes expressed petition and trust. The Israelites understood prayer as embodied practice, not merely mental activity. Raising one's soul combined physical gesture with spiritual intention, engaging the whole person in worship.

Questions for Reflection