Psalms 148:13
Let them praise the name of the LORD: for his name alone is excellent; his glory is above the earth and heaven.
Original Language Analysis
Cross References
Historical Context
The command for mountains and hills to praise appears in Isaiah 49:13 and 55:12, suggesting this as a developing theme in post-exilic theology. Mountains in ancient Near Eastern thought often represented cosmic significance and sometimes housed temples or divine presence. By commanding mountains to praise God, the psalm asserts that geographical space belongs to God and manifests His presence. The phrase 'his glory is above the earth and heaven' encompasses all creation within God's domain. In post-exilic Judaism, when Israel lacked political independence and control of geography, asserting that God's glory transcends and rules all earth and heaven provided spiritual sovereignty. The concept of God's 'name' (shem) carried juridical weight: God's name represented His character and authority. To praise God's name meant to acknowledge His true character and authority. During the Second Temple period, the temple was understood as the place where God's name dwelt (Deuteronomy 12:5), making praise at the temple or prayer directed toward the temple a form of honoring God's name.
Questions for Reflection
- What does it mean that God's name 'alone is excellent' and what does this exclude?
- How does the assertion that God's glory is 'above the earth and heaven' relate to His sovereignty over all creation?
- Why does the psalm command geographical features to praise, and what function does this serve theologically?
- In what ways does recognizing that 'his glory is above the earth and heaven' challenge human attempts to contain or control God?
- How should the conviction that God's glory transcends geographical and political boundaries affect our prayer and worship across different locations?
Analysis & Commentary
This verse addresses earthly geography and geopolitical entities: 'Let them praise the name of the LORD: for his name alone is excellent; his glory is above the earth and heaven.' The verse commands mountains, hills, and perhaps (implied from the context) all geographical features to praise God. 'His name alone is excellent' (Hebrew 'shmo levado nisgav') asserts that God's reputation and character stand alone as supremely exalted. 'Alone' excludes rivalry - no other name compares. 'Excellent' (nisgav) means elevated, set apart, incomparably high. The phrase 'his glory is above the earth and heaven' synthesizes the previous verses' calls to celestial and earthly praise: God's glory transcends both realms. The 'name' emphasis recurs throughout the Final Hallel, emphasizing that praising God's 'name' means honoring His character, reputation, and revealed nature. By commanding geographical entities to praise God's name, the psalm asserts that all space belongs to God and manifests His glory.