Psalms 129:5

Authorized King James Version

Let them all be confounded and turned back that hate Zion.

Word-by-Word Analysis

יֵ֭בֹשׁוּ

H954

Let them all be confounded

properly, to pale, i.e., by implication to be ashamed; also (by implication) to be disappointed or delayed

וְיִסֹּ֣גוּ

H5472

and turned

properly, to flinch, i.e., (by implication) to go back, literally (to retreat) or figuratively (to apostatize)

אָח֑וֹר

H268

back

the hinder part; hence (adverb) behind, backward; also (as facing north) the west

כֹּ֝֗ל

H3605

properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)

שֹׂנְאֵ֥י

H8130

that hate

to hate (personally)

צִיּֽוֹן׃

H6726

Zion

tsijon (as a permanent capital), a mountain of jerusalem

Analysis

Within the broader context of Psalms, this passage highlights worship and praise through universal language and absolute statements. The theological weight of divine revelation connects to fundamental Christian doctrine about divine revelation, contributing to our understanding of God's nature and relationship with humanity. This verse contributes to the book's overall argument by building upon previous themes while advancing the overall message of Psalms.

Historical Context

The literary and historical milieu of ancient Near Eastern poetry and hymnic literature for worship shapes this text's meaning. Israel's liturgical traditions developed through centuries of temple worship and personal devotion Understanding a worldview centered on covenant relationship between God and His people helps modern readers appreciate why the author emphasizes divine revelation in this particular way.

Questions for Reflection

In what ways does this verse's emphasis on divine revelation address questions about God's character and purposes in the modern world, and how should the church respond?
How might the original audience's understanding of divine revelation differ from modern interpretations, and what bridges can be built between ancient meaning and contemporary application?
How does the worship and praise theme in this verse connect to the overarching narrative of Scripture, and what does this reveal about God's character and purposes?