Isaiah 10:12

Authorized King James Version

Wherefore it shall come to pass, that when the Lord hath performed his whole work upon mount Zion and on Jerusalem, I will punish the fruit of the stout heart of the king of Assyria, and the glory of his high looks.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וְהָיָ֗ה
to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)
#2
כִּֽי
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
#3
יְבַצַּ֤ע
hath performed
to break off, i.e., (usually) plunder; figuratively, to finish, or (intransitively) stop
#4
אֲדֹנָי֙
Wherefore it shall come to pass that when the Lord
the lord (used as a proper name of god only)
#5
אֶת
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#6
כָּל
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
#7
מַֽעֲשֵׂ֔הוּ
his whole work
an action (good or bad); generally, a transaction; abstractly, activity; by implication, a product (specifically, a poem) or (generally) property
#8
בְּהַ֥ר
upon mount
a mountain or range of hills (sometimes used figuratively)
#9
צִיּ֖וֹן
Zion
tsijon (as a permanent capital), a mountain of jerusalem
#10
וּבִירוּשָׁלִָ֑ם
and on Jerusalem
jerushalaim or jerushalem, the capital city of palestine
#11
אֶפְקֹ֗ד
I will punish
to visit (with friendly or hostile intent); by analogy, to oversee, muster, charge, care for, miss, deposit, etc
#12
עַל
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#13
פְּרִי
the fruit
fruit (literally or figuratively)
#14
גֹ֙דֶל֙
of the stout
magnitude (literally or figuratively)
#15
לְבַ֣ב
heart
the heart (as the most interior organ)
#16
מֶֽלֶךְ
of the king
a king
#17
אַשּׁ֔וּר
of Assyria
ashshur, the second son of shem; also his descendants and the country occupied by them (i.e., assyria), its region and its empire
#18
וְעַל
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#19
תִּפְאֶ֖רֶת
and the glory
ornament (abstractly or concretely, literally or figuratively)
#20
ר֥וּם
of his high
(literally) elevation or (figuratively) elation
#21
עֵינָֽיו׃
looks
an eye (literally or figuratively); by analogy, a fountain (as the eye of the landscape)

Analysis

This verse develops the salvation theme central to Isaiah. The concept of glory reflects the development of salvation within biblical theology. The divine name or title here functions within biblical literature contributing to the canon's theological witness to establish theological authority and covenantal relationship. The original language emphasizes the covenant name Yahweh, emphasizing God's faithfulness to His promises, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

The literary and historical milieu of the literary conventions and historical circumstances of biblical literature shapes this text's meaning. The historical development of salvation within the theological tradition of Isaiah Understanding the ancient worldview that shaped the author's theological expression helps modern readers appreciate why the author emphasizes glory in this particular way.

Questions for Reflection

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