Psalms 105:41

Authorized King James Version

He opened the rock, and the waters gushed out; they ran in the dry places like a river.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
פָּ֣תַח
He opened
to open wide (literally or figuratively); specifically, to loosen, begin, plough, carve
#2
צ֭וּר
the rock
properly, a cliff (or sharp rock, as compressed); generally, a rock or boulder; figuratively, a refuge; also an edge (as precipitous)
#3
וַיָּז֣וּבוּ
gushed out
to flow freely (as water), i.e., (specifically) to have a (sexual) flux; figuratively, to waste away; also to overflow
#4
מָ֑יִם
and the waters
water; figuratively, juice; by euphemism, urine, semen
#5
הָ֝לְכ֗וּ
they ran
to walk (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively)
#6
בַּצִּיּ֥וֹת
in the dry places
aridity; concretely, a desert
#7
נָהָֽר׃
like a river
a stream (including the sea; expectation the nile, euphrates, etc.); figuratively, prosperity

Analysis

This verse develops the worship and praise theme central to Psalms. The concept of divine revelation reflects the proper human response to God's character and works. The literary structure and word choice here contribute to worship literature expressing the full range of human experience before God, advancing the author's theological argument. The original language emphasizes careful word choice that would have carried specific theological weight for the original audience, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the Israelite monarchy with its court politics and military conflicts. The author writes to address worshipers in the temple and those seeking God in times of distress, making the emphasis on worship and praise particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection