Proverbs 22:7

Authorized King James Version

PDF

The rich ruleth over the poor, and the borrower is servant to the lender.

Original Language Analysis

עָ֭שִׁיר The rich H6223
עָ֭שִׁיר The rich
Strong's: H6223
Word #: 1 of 7
rich, whether literal or figurative (noble)
בְּרָשִׁ֣ים over the poor H7326
בְּרָשִׁ֣ים over the poor
Strong's: H7326
Word #: 2 of 7
to be destitute
יִמְשׁ֑וֹל ruleth H4910
יִמְשׁ֑וֹל ruleth
Strong's: H4910
Word #: 3 of 7
to rule
וְעֶ֥בֶד is servant H5650
וְעֶ֥בֶד is servant
Strong's: H5650
Word #: 4 of 7
a servant
מַלְוֶֽה׃ and the borrower H3867
מַלְוֶֽה׃ and the borrower
Strong's: H3867
Word #: 5 of 7
properly, to twine; also to borrow (as a form of obligation) or (causative) to lend
לְאִ֣ישׁ to the lender H376
לְאִ֣ישׁ to the lender
Strong's: H376
Word #: 6 of 7
a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)
מַלְוֶֽה׃ and the borrower H3867
מַלְוֶֽה׃ and the borrower
Strong's: H3867
Word #: 7 of 7
properly, to twine; also to borrow (as a form of obligation) or (causative) to lend

Analysis & Commentary

The rich 'ruleth over the poor,' and the 'borrower is servant to the lender.' These are observational statements about economic reality. Debt creates obligation and servitude. While not explicitly condemning lending or borrowing, this proverb warns of debt's relational consequences. Reformed theology values economic freedom as aspect of Christian liberty. Debt reduces freedom and creates dependency. This counsels caution in borrowing and encourages contentment with what we have rather than enslaving ourselves through debt.

Historical Context

Debt slavery was common in ancient economies. Those unable to repay debts could be forced into servitude (2 Kings 4:1). This proverb's warning reflected harsh economic realities of the ancient world.

Questions for Reflection

Related Resources

Explore related topics, people, and study resources to deepen your understanding of this passage.

Topics