Numbers 21:29

Authorized King James Version

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Woe to thee, Moab! thou art undone, O people of Chemosh: he hath given his sons that escaped, and his daughters, into captivity unto Sihon king of the Amorites.

Original Language Analysis

אוֹי Woe H188
אוֹי Woe
Strong's: H188
Word #: 1 of 14
lamentation; also interjectionally oh!
לְךָ֣ H0
לְךָ֣
Strong's: H0
Word #: 2 of 14
מוֹאָ֔ב to thee Moab H4124
מוֹאָ֔ב to thee Moab
Strong's: H4124
Word #: 3 of 14
moab, an incestuous son of lot; also his territory and descendants
אָבַ֖דְתָּ thou art undone H6
אָבַ֖דְתָּ thou art undone
Strong's: H6
Word #: 4 of 14
properly, to wander away, i.e., lose oneself; by implication to perish (causative, destroy)
עַם O people H5971
עַם O people
Strong's: H5971
Word #: 5 of 14
a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock
כְּמ֑וֹשׁ of Chemosh H3645
כְּמ֑וֹשׁ of Chemosh
Strong's: H3645
Word #: 6 of 14
kemosh, the god of the moabites
נָתַ֨ן he hath given H5414
נָתַ֨ן he hath given
Strong's: H5414
Word #: 7 of 14
to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.)
בָּנָ֤יו his sons H1121
בָּנָ֤יו his sons
Strong's: H1121
Word #: 8 of 14
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
פְּלֵיטִם֙ that escaped H6412
פְּלֵיטִם֙ that escaped
Strong's: H6412
Word #: 9 of 14
a refugee
וּבְנֹתָ֣יו and his daughters H1323
וּבְנֹתָ֣יו and his daughters
Strong's: H1323
Word #: 10 of 14
a daughter (used in the same wide sense as other terms of relationship, literally and figuratively)
בַּשְּׁבִ֔ית H7628
בַּשְּׁבִ֔ית
Strong's: H7628
Word #: 11 of 14
exiled; captured; as noun, exile (abstractly or concretely and collectively); by extension, booty
לְמֶ֥לֶךְ king H4428
לְמֶ֥לֶךְ king
Strong's: H4428
Word #: 12 of 14
a king
אֱמֹרִ֖י of the Amorites H567
אֱמֹרִ֖י of the Amorites
Strong's: H567
Word #: 13 of 14
an emorite, one of the canaanitish tribes
סִיחֽוֹן׃ unto Sihon H5511
סִיחֽוֹן׃ unto Sihon
Strong's: H5511
Word #: 14 of 14
sichon, an amoritish king

Analysis & Commentary

Woe to thee, Moab! thou art undone, O people of Chemosh (כְּמוֹש, Kemosh)—Chemosh was Moab's national deity (1 Kings 11:7), here mocked for inability to protect his worshipers. He hath given his sons that escaped, and his daughters, into captivity unto Sihon—The false god delivers his own people to defeat, reversing expected divine protection. This taunt exposes pagan deities' impotence.

Jeremiah 48:46 later repeats this woe when Babylon conquers Moab, proving the ongoing validity of prophetic judgment. Chemosh's failure contrasts with Yahweh's faithfulness—Israel's God actually delivers, fights, conquers. The comparative theology is pointed: worship determines destiny.

Historical Context

Chemosh worship involved child sacrifice (2 Kings 3:27) and ritual prostitution. Archaeological finds include the Mesha Stele (Moabite Stone), where King Mesha credits Chemosh with military victory over Israel—demonstrating that Moabites attributed political-military outcomes to their god, just as Israel attributed victories to Yahweh.

Questions for Reflection

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