Numbers 21:29

Authorized King James Version

Woe to thee, Moab! thou art undone, O people of Chemosh: he hath given his sons that escaped, and his daughters, into captivity unto Sihon king of the Amorites.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
אוֹי
Woe
lamentation; also interjectionally oh!
#2
לְךָ֣
H0
#3
מוֹאָ֔ב
to thee Moab
moab, an incestuous son of lot; also his territory and descendants
#4
אָבַ֖דְתָּ
H6
thou art undone
properly, to wander away, i.e., lose oneself; by implication to perish (causative, destroy)
#5
עַם
O people
a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock
#6
כְּמ֑וֹשׁ
of Chemosh
kemosh, the god of the moabites
#7
נָתַ֨ן
he hath given
to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.)
#8
בָּנָ֤יו
his sons
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
#9
פְּלֵיטִם֙
that escaped
a refugee
#10
וּבְנֹתָ֣יו
and his daughters
a daughter (used in the same wide sense as other terms of relationship, literally and figuratively)
#11
בַּשְּׁבִ֔ית
exiled; captured; as noun, exile (abstractly or concretely and collectively); by extension, booty
#12
לְמֶ֥לֶךְ
king
a king
#13
אֱמֹרִ֖י
of the Amorites
an emorite, one of the canaanitish tribes
#14
סִיחֽוֹן׃
unto Sihon
sichon, an amoritish king

Analysis

The salvation theme here intersects with the metanarrative of redemption running from Genesis to Revelation. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of a unified storyline from the promise in Genesis 3:15 to its fulfillment in Christ. The phrase emphasizing covenant community contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's saving work from the Exodus to the cross.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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