Numbers 21:28

Authorized King James Version

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For there is a fire gone out of Heshbon, a flame from the city of Sihon: it hath consumed Ar of Moab, and the lords of the high places of Arnon.

Original Language Analysis

כִּי H3588
כִּי
Strong's: H3588
Word #: 1 of 13
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
אֵשׁ֙ For there is a fire H784
אֵשׁ֙ For there is a fire
Strong's: H784
Word #: 2 of 13
fire (literally or figuratively)
יָֽצְאָ֣ה gone out H3318
יָֽצְאָ֣ה gone out
Strong's: H3318
Word #: 3 of 13
to go (causatively, bring) out, in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively, direct and proxim
מֵֽחֶשְׁבּ֔וֹן of Heshbon H2809
מֵֽחֶשְׁבּ֔וֹן of Heshbon
Strong's: H2809
Word #: 4 of 13
cheshbon, a place east of the jordan
לֶֽהָבָ֖ה a flame H3852
לֶֽהָבָ֖ה a flame
Strong's: H3852
Word #: 5 of 13
flame
מִקִּרְיַ֣ת from the city H7151
מִקִּרְיַ֣ת from the city
Strong's: H7151
Word #: 6 of 13
a city
סִיחֹ֑ן of Sihon H5511
סִיחֹ֑ן of Sihon
Strong's: H5511
Word #: 7 of 13
sichon, an amoritish king
אָֽכְלָה֙ it hath consumed H398
אָֽכְלָה֙ it hath consumed
Strong's: H398
Word #: 8 of 13
to eat (literally or figuratively)
עָ֣ר Ar H6144
עָ֣ר Ar
Strong's: H6144
Word #: 9 of 13
ar, a place in moab
מוֹאָ֔ב of Moab H4124
מוֹאָ֔ב of Moab
Strong's: H4124
Word #: 10 of 13
moab, an incestuous son of lot; also his territory and descendants
בַּֽעֲלֵ֖י H1167
בַּֽעֲלֵ֖י
Strong's: H1167
Word #: 11 of 13
a master; hence, a husband, or (figuratively) owner (often used with another noun in modifications of this latter sense)
בָּמ֥וֹת H1116
בָּמ֥וֹת
Strong's: H1116
Word #: 12 of 13
an elevation
אַרְנֹֽן׃ of Arnon H769
אַרְנֹֽן׃ of Arnon
Strong's: H769
Word #: 13 of 13
the arnon, a river east of the jordan, also its territory

Analysis & Commentary

For there is a fire gone out of Heshbon, a flame from the city of Sihon—This poetic metaphor describes Sihon's military devastation of Moab. It hath consumed Ar of Moab, and the lords of the high places of Arnon (בַּעֲלֵי בָמוֹת אַרְנֹן, ba'ale bamot Arnon)—The "lords" (ba'alim) likely refers to both political rulers and cultic officiants at Canaanite high places. Fire imagery evokes total military destruction.

Ancient victory songs used cosmic imagery—Sihon's conquest depicted as divine fire consuming all opposition. Israel inherited not just territory but the symbolic language of conquest, now redirected toward Yahweh's purposes. The 'fire from Heshbon' would be surpassed by the fire of God's presence leading Israel (Numbers 9:15-16).

Historical Context

Ar was Moab's ancient capital. The 'high places' (bamot) were elevated worship sites central to Canaanite religion—combining political and religious authority. Sihon's conquest destroyed both Moab's political power and cultic centers, leaving the region ripe for Israelite occupation.

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