Numbers 18:17

Authorized King James Version

But the firstling of a cow, or the firstling of a sheep, or the firstling of a goat, thou shalt not redeem; they are holy: thou shalt sprinkle their blood upon the altar, and shalt burn their fat for an offering made by fire, for a sweet savour unto the LORD.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
אַ֣ךְ
a particle of affirmation, surely; hence (by limitation) only
#2
בְכ֥וֹר
But the firstling
first-born; hence, chief
#3
שׁ֡וֹר
of a cow
a bullock (as a traveller)
#4
אֽוֹ
desire (and so probably in proverbs 31:4); hence (by way of alternative) or, also if
#5
בְכ֥וֹר
But the firstling
first-born; hence, chief
#6
כֶּ֜שֶׂב
of a sheep
a young sheep
#7
אֽוֹ
desire (and so probably in proverbs 31:4); hence (by way of alternative) or, also if
#8
בְכ֥וֹר
But the firstling
first-born; hence, chief
#9
עֵ֛ז
of a goat
a she-goat (as strong), but masculine in plural (which also is used elliptically for goat's hair)
#10
לֹ֥א
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
#11
תִפְדֶּ֖ה
thou shalt not redeem
to sever, i.e., ransom; generally to release, preserve
#12
קֹ֣דֶשׁ
they are holy
a sacred place or thing; rarely abstract, sanctity
#13
הֵ֑ם
they (only used when emphatic)
#14
אֶת
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#15
דָּמָ֞ם
their blood
blood (as that which when shed causes death) of man or an animal; by analogy, the juice of the grape; figuratively (especially in the plural) bloodshe
#16
תִּזְרֹ֤ק
thou shalt sprinkle
to sprinkle (fluid or solid particles)
#17
עַל
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#18
הַמִּזְבֵּ֙חַ֙
upon the altar
an altar
#19
וְאֶת
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#20
חֶלְבָּ֣ם
their fat
fat, whether literally or figuratively; hence, the richest or choice part
#21
תַּקְטִ֔יר
and shalt burn
to smoke, i.e., turn into fragrance by fire (especially as an act of worship)
#22
אִשֶּׁ֛ה
for an offering made by fire
properly, a burnt-offering; but occasionally of any sacrifice
#23
לְרֵ֥יחַ
savour
odor (as if blown)
#24
נִיחֹ֖חַ
for a sweet
properly, restful, i.e., pleasant; abstractly, delight
#25
לַֽיהוָֽה׃
unto the LORD
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god

Analysis

Within the broader context of Numbers, this passage highlights salvation through declarative statements that establish theological truth. The theological weight of divine sovereignty connects to fundamental Christian doctrine about divine sovereignty, contributing to our understanding of God's nature and relationship with humanity. This verse contributes to the book's overall argument by building upon previous themes while advancing the overall message of Numbers.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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