Numbers 15:38

Authorized King James Version

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Speak unto the children of Israel, and bid them that they make them fringes in the borders of their garments throughout their generations, and that they put upon the fringe of the borders a ribband of blue:

Original Language Analysis

דַּבֵּ֞ר Speak H1696
דַּבֵּ֞ר Speak
Strong's: H1696
Word #: 1 of 19
perhaps properly, to arrange; but used figuratively (of words), to speak; rarely (in a destructive sense) to subdue
אֶל H413
אֶל
Strong's: H413
Word #: 2 of 19
near, with or among; often in general, to
בְּנֵ֤י unto the children H1121
בְּנֵ֤י unto the children
Strong's: H1121
Word #: 3 of 19
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ of Israel H3478
יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ of Israel
Strong's: H3478
Word #: 4 of 19
he will rule as god; jisral, a symbolical name of jacob; also (typically) of his posterity
וְאָֽמַרְתָּ֣ and bid H559
וְאָֽמַרְתָּ֣ and bid
Strong's: H559
Word #: 5 of 19
to say (used with great latitude)
אֲלֵהֶ֔ם H413
אֲלֵהֶ֔ם
Strong's: H413
Word #: 6 of 19
near, with or among; often in general, to
וְעָשׂ֨וּ them that they make H6213
וְעָשׂ֨וּ them that they make
Strong's: H6213
Word #: 7 of 19
to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application
לָהֶ֥ם H0
לָהֶ֥ם
Strong's: H0
Word #: 8 of 19
צִיצִ֥ת them fringes H6734
צִיצִ֥ת them fringes
Strong's: H6734
Word #: 9 of 19
a floral or wing-like projection, i.e., a forelock of hair, a tassel
עַל H5921
עַל
Strong's: H5921
Word #: 10 of 19
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
הַכָּנָ֖ף in the borders H3671
הַכָּנָ֖ף in the borders
Strong's: H3671
Word #: 11 of 19
an edge or extremity; specifically (of a bird or army) a wing, (of a garment or bedclothing) a flap, (of the earth) a quarter, (of a building) a pinna
בִגְדֵיהֶ֖ם of their garments H899
בִגְדֵיהֶ֖ם of their garments
Strong's: H899
Word #: 12 of 19
a covering, i.e., clothing
לְדֹֽרֹתָ֑ם throughout their generations H1755
לְדֹֽרֹתָ֑ם throughout their generations
Strong's: H1755
Word #: 13 of 19
properly, a revolution of time, i.e., an age or generation; also a dwelling
וְנָֽתְנ֛וּ and that they put H5414
וְנָֽתְנ֛וּ and that they put
Strong's: H5414
Word #: 14 of 19
to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.)
עַל H5921
עַל
Strong's: H5921
Word #: 15 of 19
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
צִיצִ֥ת them fringes H6734
צִיצִ֥ת them fringes
Strong's: H6734
Word #: 16 of 19
a floral or wing-like projection, i.e., a forelock of hair, a tassel
הַכָּנָ֖ף in the borders H3671
הַכָּנָ֖ף in the borders
Strong's: H3671
Word #: 17 of 19
an edge or extremity; specifically (of a bird or army) a wing, (of a garment or bedclothing) a flap, (of the earth) a quarter, (of a building) a pinna
פְּתִ֥יל a ribband H6616
פְּתִ֥יל a ribband
Strong's: H6616
Word #: 18 of 19
twine
תְּכֵֽלֶת׃ of blue H8504
תְּכֵֽלֶת׃ of blue
Strong's: H8504
Word #: 19 of 19
the cerulean mussel, i.e., the color (violet) obtained therefrom or stuff dyed therewith

Analysis & Commentary

Speak unto the children of Israel, and bid them that they make them fringes in the borders of their garments... and that they put upon the fringe of the borders a ribband of blue. God commands tassels with blue cord on garment corners as reminders to obey His commandments (Numbers 15:39-40). The blue cord recalled heaven and divine authority. The visible reminders helped Israel remember and keep God's laws. Jesus wore such tassels (Matthew 9:20; 14:36). This teaches that physical reminders can aid spiritual obedience. The Pharisees' enlarged tassels for show (Matthew 23:5) perverted the purpose. Reformed theology values means that aid godliness without becoming mere externalism.

Historical Context

The Hebrew tsitsit (fringes/tassels) with blue (tekhelet) cord became Jewish practice continuing today. The blue dye came from a specific sea creature, making it expensive and symbolically significant. The four-cornered garment requirement led to the later prayer shawl (tallit) tradition. Archaeological evidence includes ancient textiles with fringes. Jesus' criticism of ostentatious tassels (Matthew 23:5) addressed pride, not the practice itself. The woman who touched Jesus' hem (Matthew 9:20) likely grasped His tsitsit. Modern Orthodox Judaism continues this practice. The principle of physical reminders for spiritual truth appears throughout Scripture (Passover, Lord's Supper, etc.).

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