Numbers 15:28

Authorized King James Version

And the priest shall make an atonement for the soul that sinneth ignorantly, when he sinneth by ignorance before the LORD, to make an atonement for him; and it shall be forgiven him.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
לְכַפֵּ֥ר
shall make an atonement
to cover (specifically with bitumen)
#2
הַכֹּהֵ֗ן
And the priest
literally one officiating, a priest; also (by courtesy) an acting priest (although a layman)
#3
עַל
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#4
הַנֶּ֧פֶשׁ
for the soul
properly, a breathing creature, i.e., animal of (abstractly) vitality; used very widely in a literal, accommodated or figurative sense (bodily or ment
#5
הַשֹּׁגֶ֛גֶת
by ignorance
a mistake or inadvertent transgression
#6
בְּחֶטְאָ֥ה
when he sinneth
properly, to miss; hence (figuratively and generally) to sin; by inference, to forfeit, lack, expiate, repent, (causatively) lead astray, condemn
#7
בִשְׁגָגָ֖ה
that sinneth ignorantly
to stray, i.e., (figuratively) sin (with more or less apology)
#8
לִפְנֵ֣י
before
the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposi
#9
יְהוָ֑ה
the LORD
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
#10
לְכַפֵּ֥ר
shall make an atonement
to cover (specifically with bitumen)
#11
עָלָ֖יו
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#12
וְנִסְלַ֥ח
for him and it shall be forgiven
to forgive
#13
לֽוֹ׃
H0

Analysis

The salvation theme here intersects with the metanarrative of redemption running from Genesis to Revelation. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of a unified storyline from the promise in Genesis 3:15 to its fulfillment in Christ. The phrase emphasizing divine sovereignty contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's saving work from the Exodus to the cross.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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