Numbers 13:8

Authorized King James Version

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Of the tribe of Ephraim, Oshea the son of Nun.

Original Language Analysis

לְמַטֵּ֥ה Of the tribe H4294
לְמַטֵּ֥ה Of the tribe
Strong's: H4294
Word #: 1 of 5
a branch (as extending); figuratively, a tribe; also a rod, whether for chastising (figuratively, correction), ruling (a sceptre), throwing (a lance),
אֶפְרָ֖יִם of Ephraim H669
אֶפְרָ֖יִם of Ephraim
Strong's: H669
Word #: 2 of 5
ephrajim, a son of joseph; also the tribe descended from him, and its territory
הוֹשֵׁ֥עַ Oshea H1954
הוֹשֵׁ֥עַ Oshea
Strong's: H1954
Word #: 3 of 5
hoshea, the name of five israelites
בִּן the son H1121
בִּן the son
Strong's: H1121
Word #: 4 of 5
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
נֽוּן׃ of Nun H5126
נֽוּן׃ of Nun
Strong's: H5126
Word #: 5 of 5
nun or non, the father of joshua

Analysis & Commentary

Ephraim's spy was 'Oshea the son of Nun' - later called Joshua. The name 'Oshea' (Hoshea) means 'salvation,' which Moses changed to 'Joshua' (Yehoshua), meaning 'Yahweh is salvation' (v.16). This name change foreshadowed Jesus (Greek form of Joshua), the ultimate Savior. Joshua, with Caleb, stood alone against majority unbelief, demonstrating that salvation requires faith despite opposition. His later leadership in conquering Canaan typified Christ leading believers into spiritual inheritance. Joshua's faithfulness as Moses' minister (Ex 24:13, 33:11) prepared him for leadership - faithful service in small things leads to greater responsibility (Matt 25:21).

Historical Context

Joshua was Moses' assistant from youth, witnessing God's glory on Sinai (Ex 24:13) and guarding the tabernacle (Ex 33:11). His military leadership began against Amalek (Ex 17:9-13), preparing for Canaan's conquest. Unlike other spies who were merely tribal leaders, Joshua was already Moses' chosen successor-in-training. His faithful report showed character that would sustain Israel through conquest. His name change by Moses (v.16) signified divine calling and identity - he wasn't merely human deliverer but instrument of Yahweh's salvation. The New Testament frequently compares Joshua and Jesus (Heb 4:8 uses same Greek name), showing how Joshua typologically foreshadowed Christ.

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