Matthew 23:9

Authorized King James Version

And call no man your father upon the earth: for one is your Father, which is in heaven.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
καὶ
And
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#2
πατὴρ
Father
a "father" (literally or figuratively, near or more remote)
#3
μὴ
no
(adverb) not, (conjunction) lest; also (as an interrogative implying a negative answer (whereas g3756 expects an affirmative one)) whether
#4
καλέσητε
call
to "call" (properly, aloud, but used in a variety of applications, directly or otherwise)
#5
ὑμῶν
man your
of (from or concerning) you
#6
ἐπὶ
upon
properly, meaning superimposition (of time, place, order, etc.), as a relation of distribution (with the genitive case), i.e., over, upon, etc.; of re
#7
τοῖς
which
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#8
γῆς
the earth
soil; by extension a region, or the solid part or the whole of the terrene globe (including the occupants in each application)
#9
εἷς
one
one
#10
γάρ
for
properly, assigning a reason (used in argument, explanation or intensification; often with other particles)
#11
ἐστιν
is
he (she or it) is; also (with neuter plural) they are
#12
τοῖς
which
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#13
πατὴρ
Father
a "father" (literally or figuratively, near or more remote)
#14
ὑμῶν
man your
of (from or concerning) you
#15
τοῖς
which
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#16
ἐν
is in
"in," at, (up-)on, by, etc
#17
τοῖς
which
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#18
οὐρανοῖς
heaven
the sky; by extension, heaven (as the abode of god); by implication, happiness, power, eternity; specially, the gospel (christianity)

Analysis

This verse develops the salvation theme central to Matthew. The concept of divine revelation reflects the development of salvation within biblical theology. The literary structure and word choice here contribute to gospel presenting Jesus as the fulfillment of Jewish Messianic hope, advancing the author's theological argument. The original language emphasizes careful word choice that would have carried specific theological weight for the original audience, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within Roman imperial rule over Jewish Palestine with messianic expectations. The author writes to address Jewish Christians seeking to understand Jesus as Messiah, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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