Matthew 23:4

Authorized King James Version

For they bind heavy burdens and grievous to be borne, and lay them on men's shoulders; but they themselves will not move them with one of their fingers.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
δεσμεύουσιν
they bind
to be a binder (captor), i.e., to enchain (a prisoner), to tie on (a load)
#2
γὰρ
For
properly, assigning a reason (used in argument, explanation or intensification; often with other particles)
#3
φορτία
burdens
an invoice (as part of freight), i.e., (figuratively) a task or service
#4
βαρέα
heavy
weighty, i.e., (fig) burdensome, grave
#5
καὶ
and
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#6
δυσβάστακτα
grievous to be borne
oppressive
#7
καὶ
and
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#8
ἐπιτιθέασιν
lay
to impose (in a friendly or hostile sense)
#9
ἐπὶ
them on
properly, meaning superimposition (of time, place, order, etc.), as a relation of distribution (with the genitive case), i.e., over, upon, etc.; of re
#10
τοὺς
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#11
ὤμους
shoulders
the shoulder (as that on which burdens are borne)
#12
τῶν
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#13
ἀνθρώπων
men's
man-faced, i.e., a human being
#14
τῷ
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#15
δὲ
but
but, and, etc
#16
δακτύλῳ
fingers
a finger
#17
αὐτά
them
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
#18
οὐ
not
the absolute negative (compare g3361) adverb; no or not
#19
θέλουσιν
they themselves will
to determine (as an active option from subjective impulse; whereas g1014 properly denotes rather a passive acquiescence in objective considerations),
#20
κινῆσαι
move
to stir (transitively), literally or figuratively
#21
αὐτά
them
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

Analysis

This verse develops the salvation theme central to Matthew. The concept of divine revelation reflects the development of salvation within biblical theology. The literary structure and word choice here contribute to gospel presenting Jesus as the fulfillment of Jewish Messianic hope, advancing the author's theological argument. The original language emphasizes careful word choice that would have carried specific theological weight for the original audience, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

The historical context of the biblical period relevant to this book's composition provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The historical and cultural milieu of the biblical world informed the author's theological expression and the audience's understanding. The first-century Palestinian Jewish culture under Roman occupation would have shaped how the original audience understood divine revelation. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Archaeological discoveries continue to illuminate the historical context of biblical texts.

Questions for Reflection

Related Resources

Explore related topics, people, and study resources to deepen your understanding of this passage.

Topics

People

Study Resources