Matthew 20:31

Authorized King James Version

And the multitude rebuked them, because they should hold their peace: but they cried the more, saying, Have mercy on us, O Lord, thou Son of David.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#2
δὲ
And
but, and, etc
#3
ὄχλος
the multitude
a throng (as borne along); by implication, the rabble; by extension, a class of people; figuratively, a riot
#4
ἐπετίμησεν
rebuked
to tax upon, i.e., censure or admonish; by implication, forbid
#5
αὐτοῖς
them
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
#6
ἵνα
because
in order that (denoting the purpose or the result)
#7
σιωπήσωσιν·
they should hold their peace
to be dumb (but not deaf also, like 2974 properly); figuratively, to be calm (as quiet water)
#8
οἱ
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#9
δὲ
And
but, and, etc
#10
μεῖζον
the more
(adverbially) in greater degree
#11
ἔκραζον
they cried
properly, to "croak" (as a raven) or scream, i.e., (genitive case) to call aloud (shriek, exclaim, intreat)
#12
λέγοντες
saying
properly, to "lay" forth, i.e., (figuratively) relate (in words (usually of systematic or set discourse; whereas g2036 and g5346 generally refer to an
#13
Ἐλέησον
Have mercy
to compassionate (by word or deed, specially, by divine grace)
#14
ἡμᾶς,
on us
us
#15
κύριε,
O Lord
supreme in authority, i.e., (as noun) controller; by implication, master (as a respectful title)
#16
υἱὸς
thou Son
a "son" (sometimes of animals), used very widely of immediate, remote or figuratively, kinship
#17
Δαβίδ
of David
david, the israelite king

Analysis

This verse develops the salvation theme central to Matthew. The concept of peace reflects the development of salvation within biblical theology. The divine name or title here functions within gospel presenting Jesus as the fulfillment of Jewish Messianic hope to establish theological authority and covenantal relationship. The original language emphasizes the covenant name Yahweh, emphasizing God's faithfulness to His promises, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within Roman imperial rule over Jewish Palestine with messianic expectations. The author writes to address Jewish Christians seeking to understand Jesus as Messiah, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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