Matthew 16:1

Authorized King James Version

The Pharisees also with the Sadducees came, and tempting desired him that he would shew them a sign from heaven.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
καὶ
also
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#2
προσελθόντες
came
to approach, i.e., (literally) come near, visit, or (figuratively) worship, assent to
#3
οἱ
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#4
Φαρισαῖοι
The Pharisees
a separatist, i.e., exclusively religious; a pharisean, i.e., jewish sectary
#5
καὶ
also
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#6
Σαδδουκαῖοι
with the Sadducees
a sadducaean (i.e., tsadokian), or follower of a certain heretical israelite
#7
πειράζοντες
tempting
to test (objectively), i.e., endeavor, scrutinize, entice, discipline
#8
ἐπηρώτησαν
desired
to ask for, i.e., inquire, seek
#9
αὐτοῖς
him
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
#10
σημεῖον
a sign
an indication, especially ceremonially or supernaturally
#11
ἐκ
from
a primary preposition denoting origin (the point whence action or motion proceeds), from, out (of place, time, or cause literal or figurative; direct
#12
τοῦ
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#13
οὐρανοῦ
heaven
the sky; by extension, heaven (as the abode of god); by implication, happiness, power, eternity; specially, the gospel (christianity)
#14
ἐπιδεῖξαι
that he would shew
to exhibit (physically or mentally)
#15
αὐτοῖς
him
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

Analysis

The salvation theme here intersects with the metanarrative of redemption running from Genesis to Revelation. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of a unified storyline from the promise in Genesis 3:15 to its fulfillment in Christ. The phrase emphasizing divine revelation contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's saving work from the Exodus to the cross.

Historical Context

The literary and historical milieu of Jewish biographical literature presenting Jesus as the fulfillment of Scripture shapes this text's meaning. The historical development of salvation within the theological tradition of Matthew Understanding a worldview expecting divine intervention through a promised Messiah helps modern readers appreciate why the author emphasizes divine revelation in this particular way.

Questions for Reflection

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