Matthew 10:34

Authorized King James Version

Think not that I am come to send peace on earth: I came not to send peace, but a sword.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
Μὴ
not
(adverb) not, (conjunction) lest; also (as an interrogative implying a negative answer (whereas g3756 expects an affirmative one)) whether
#2
νομίσητε
Think
properly, to do by law (usage), i.e., to accustom (passively, be usual); by extension, to deem or regard
#3
ὅτι
that
demonstrative, that (sometimes redundant); causative, because
#4
ἦλθον
I am come
to come or go (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively)
#5
βαλεῖν
to send
to throw (in various applications, more or less violent or intense)
#6
εἰρήνην
peace
peace (literally or figuratively); by implication, prosperity
#7
ἐπὶ
on
properly, meaning superimposition (of time, place, order, etc.), as a relation of distribution (with the genitive case), i.e., over, upon, etc.; of re
#8
τὴν
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#9
γῆν·
earth
soil; by extension a region, or the solid part or the whole of the terrene globe (including the occupants in each application)
#10
οὐκ
not
the absolute negative (compare g3361) adverb; no or not
#11
ἦλθον
I am come
to come or go (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively)
#12
βαλεῖν
to send
to throw (in various applications, more or less violent or intense)
#13
εἰρήνην
peace
peace (literally or figuratively); by implication, prosperity
#14
ἀλλὰ
but
properly, other things, i.e., (adverbially) contrariwise (in many relations)
#15
μάχαιραν
a sword
a knife, i.e., dirk; figuratively, war, judicial punishment

Analysis

The salvation theme here intersects with the metanarrative of redemption running from Genesis to Revelation. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of a unified storyline from the promise in Genesis 3:15 to its fulfillment in Christ. The phrase emphasizing peace contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's saving work from the Exodus to the cross.

Historical Context

The historical context of the biblical period relevant to this book's composition provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The historical and cultural milieu of the biblical world informed the author's theological expression and the audience's understanding. The first-century Palestinian Jewish culture under Roman occupation would have shaped how the original audience understood peace. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Archaeological discoveries continue to illuminate the historical context of biblical texts.

Questions for Reflection

Related Resources

Explore related topics, people, and study resources to deepen your understanding of this passage.

Topics

People

Study Resources