Mark 12:40

Authorized King James Version

Which devour widows' houses, and for a pretence make long prayers: these shall receive greater damnation.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
οἱ
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#2
κατεσθίοντες
devour
to eat up, i.e., devour (literally or figuratively)
#3
τὰς
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#4
οἰκίας
houses
properly, residence (abstractly), but usually (concretely) an abode (literally or figuratively); by implication, a family (especially domestics)
#5
τῶν
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#6
χηρῶν
widows
a widow (as lacking a husband), literally or figuratively
#7
καὶ
and
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#8
προφάσει
for a pretence
an outward showing, i.e., pretext
#9
μακρὰ
long
long (in place (distant) or time (neuter plural))
#10
προσευχόμενοι·
make
to pray to god, i.e., supplicate, worship
#11
οὗτοι
these
the he (she or it), i.e., this or that (often with article repeated)
#12
λήψονται
shall receive
while g0138 is more violent, to seize or remove))
#13
περισσότερον
superabundant (in quantity) or superior (in quality); by implication, excessive; adverbially (with g1537) violently; neuter (as noun) preeminence
#14
κρίμα
damnation
a decision (the function or the effect, for or against ("crime"))

Analysis

Within the broader context of Mark, this passage highlights salvation through universal language and absolute statements. The theological weight of covenant community connects to fundamental Christian doctrine about covenant community, contributing to our understanding of God's nature and relationship with humanity. This verse contributes to the book's overall argument by building upon previous themes while advancing the overall message of Mark.

Historical Context

The literary and historical milieu of the literary conventions and historical circumstances of biblical literature shapes this text's meaning. The historical development of salvation within the theological tradition of Mark Understanding the ancient worldview that shaped the author's theological expression helps modern readers appreciate why the author emphasizes covenant community in this particular way.

Questions for Reflection

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