Mark 10:31

Authorized King James Version

But many that are first shall be last; and the last first.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
πολλοὶ
many
(singular) much (in any respect) or (plural) many; neuter (singular) as adverbial, largely; neuter (plural) as adverb or noun often, mostly, largely
#2
δὲ
But
but, and, etc
#3
ἔσονται
shall be
will be
#4
πρῶτοι
first
foremost (in time, place, order or importance)
#5
ἔσχατοι
last
farthest, final (of place or time)
#6
καὶ
and
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#7
οἱ
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#8
ἔσχατοι
last
farthest, final (of place or time)
#9
πρῶτοι
first
foremost (in time, place, order or importance)

Analysis

The salvation theme here intersects with the metanarrative of redemption running from Genesis to Revelation. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of a unified storyline from the promise in Genesis 3:15 to its fulfillment in Christ. The phrase emphasizing divine revelation contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's saving work from the Exodus to the cross.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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