Luke 8:3

Authorized King James Version

And Joanna the wife of Chuza Herod's steward, and Susanna, and many others, which ministered unto him of their substance.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
καὶ
And
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#2
Ἰωάννα
Joanna
joanna, a christian
#3
γυνὴ
the wife
a woman; specially, a wife
#4
Χουζᾶ
of Chuza
chuzas, an officer of herod
#5
ἐπιτρόπου
steward
a commissioner, i.e., domestic manager, guardian
#6
Ἡρῴδου
Herod's
heroic; herod, the name of four jewish kings
#7
καὶ
And
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#8
Σουσάννα
Susanna
lily; susannah (i.e., shoshannah), an israelitess
#9
καὶ
And
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#10
ἕτεραι
others
(an-, the) other or different
#11
πολλαί
many
(singular) much (in any respect) or (plural) many; neuter (singular) as adverbial, largely; neuter (plural) as adverb or noun often, mostly, largely
#12
αἵτινες
which
which some, i.e., any that; also (definite) which same
#13
διηκόνουν
ministered
to be an attendant, i.e., wait upon (menially or as a host, friend, or (figuratively) teacher); technically, to act as a christian deacon
#14
αὐταῖς
their
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
#15
ἀπὸ
of
"off," i.e., away (from something near), in various senses (of place, time, or relation; literal or figurative)
#16
τῶν
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#17
ὑπαρχόντων
substance
things extant or in hand, i.e., property or possessions
#18
αὐταῖς
their
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

Analysis

This verse develops the salvation theme central to Luke. The concept of divine revelation reflects the development of salvation within biblical theology. The literary structure and word choice here contribute to biblical literature contributing to the canon's theological witness, advancing the author's theological argument. The original language emphasizes careful word choice that would have carried specific theological weight for the original audience, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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