Luke 4:9

Authorized King James Version

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And he brought him to Jerusalem, and set him on a pinnacle of the temple, and said unto him, If thou be the Son of God, cast thyself down from hence:

Original Language Analysis

καὶ And G2532
καὶ And
Strong's: G2532
Word #: 1 of 26
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
Ἤγαγεν he brought G71
Ἤγαγεν he brought
Strong's: G71
Word #: 2 of 26
properly, to lead; by implication, to bring, drive, (reflexively) go, (specially) pass (time), or (figuratively) induce
αὐτῷ him G846
αὐτῷ him
Strong's: G846
Word #: 3 of 26
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
εἰς to G1519
εἰς to
Strong's: G1519
Word #: 4 of 26
to or into (indicating the point reached or entered), of place, time, or (figuratively) purpose (result, etc.); also in adverbial phrases
Ἰερουσαλὴμ Jerusalem G2419
Ἰερουσαλὴμ Jerusalem
Strong's: G2419
Word #: 5 of 26
hierusalem (i.e., jerushalem), the capitol of palestine
καὶ And G2532
καὶ And
Strong's: G2532
Word #: 6 of 26
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
ἔστησεν set G2476
ἔστησεν set
Strong's: G2476
Word #: 7 of 26
to stand (transitively or intransitively), used in various applications (literally or figuratively)
αὐτῷ him G846
αὐτῷ him
Strong's: G846
Word #: 8 of 26
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
ἐπὶ on G1909
ἐπὶ on
Strong's: G1909
Word #: 9 of 26
properly, meaning superimposition (of time, place, order, etc.), as a relation of distribution (with the genitive case), i.e., over, upon, etc.; of re
τὸ G3588
τὸ
Strong's: G3588
Word #: 10 of 26
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
πτερύγιον a pinnacle G4419
πτερύγιον a pinnacle
Strong's: G4419
Word #: 11 of 26
a winglet, i.e., (figuratively) extremity (top corner)
τοῦ G3588
τοῦ
Strong's: G3588
Word #: 12 of 26
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
ἱεροῦ of the temple G2411
ἱεροῦ of the temple
Strong's: G2411
Word #: 13 of 26
a sacred place, i.e., the entire precincts (whereas g3485 denotes the central sanctuary itself) of the temple (at jerusalem or elsewhere)
καὶ And G2532
καὶ And
Strong's: G2532
Word #: 14 of 26
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
εἶπεν said G2036
εἶπεν said
Strong's: G2036
Word #: 15 of 26
to speak or say (by word or writing)
αὐτῷ him G846
αὐτῷ him
Strong's: G846
Word #: 16 of 26
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
Εἰ If G1487
Εἰ If
Strong's: G1487
Word #: 17 of 26
if, whether, that, etc
G3588
Strong's: G3588
Word #: 18 of 26
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
υἱὸς the Son G5207
υἱὸς the Son
Strong's: G5207
Word #: 19 of 26
a "son" (sometimes of animals), used very widely of immediate, remote or figuratively, kinship
εἶ thou be G1488
εἶ thou be
Strong's: G1488
Word #: 20 of 26
thou art
τοῦ G3588
τοῦ
Strong's: G3588
Word #: 21 of 26
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
θεοῦ of God G2316
θεοῦ of God
Strong's: G2316
Word #: 22 of 26
a deity, especially (with g3588) the supreme divinity; figuratively, a magistrate; exceedingly (by hebraism)
βάλε cast G906
βάλε cast
Strong's: G906
Word #: 23 of 26
to throw (in various applications, more or less violent or intense)
σεαυτὸν thyself G4572
σεαυτὸν thyself
Strong's: G4572
Word #: 24 of 26
of (with, to) thyself
ἐντεῦθεν from hence G1782
ἐντεῦθεν from hence
Strong's: G1782
Word #: 25 of 26
hence (literally or figuratively); (repeated) on both sides
κάτω· down G2736
κάτω· down
Strong's: G2736
Word #: 26 of 26
downwards

Analysis & Commentary

The third temptation moves to Jerusalem's temple pinnacle, using Scripture itself (Psalm 91:11-12) to tempt Christ to presumptuous faith. Satan's 'if thou be the Son of God' again challenges Christ's identity, but now suggests proving it through spectacular sign. The misuse of Scripture demonstrates Satan's sophistication—he quotes accurately but applies wrongly, omitting 'in all thy ways' which implies walking in God's paths, not testing God. Jesus counters with Deuteronomy 6:16, recalling Israel's testing God at Massah (Exodus 17:2-7). The Greek 'ekpeirazo' (tempt/test) implies testing with hostile intent or demanding proof of God's faithfulness. Reformed theology sees here the difference between faith (trusting God's promises) and presumption (demanding God perform on our terms). True faith rests on God's character and word; presumption demands signs and seeks to manipulate God.

Historical Context

The temple pinnacle (Greek 'pterugion') likely refers to the southeastern corner of the temple complex, towering about 450 feet above the Kidron Valley—a dizzying height. Jewish tradition held that Messiah would reveal himself at the temple. Malachi 3:1 prophesied 'the Lord, whom ye seek, shall suddenly come to his temple.' A spectacular rescue before witnesses in Jerusalem would provide undeniable messianic credentials. Satan's use of Scripture would have been particularly troubling to a Jewish audience who revered God's word. Yet Jesus demonstrates proper biblical interpretation—Scripture interprets Scripture, and no text should be used to contradict God's revealed will. The church fathers saw this as warning against spiritual presumption disguised as piety, and proof-texting Scripture to justify sin.

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