In Capernaum synagogue, people 'were astonished at his doctrine: for his word was with power.' The Greek 'exousia' (ἐξουσία, authority/power) describes Jesus' teaching quality—not merely persuasive or learned, but authoritative and powerful. Unlike scribes who cited previous rabbis, Jesus spoke with inherent authority ('You have heard...but I say,' Matthew 5). His words carried weight, demanding response. This authoritative teaching distinguished Him from other teachers and validated His claims. Words spoken with divine authority accomplish what they declare.
Historical Context
Rabbinic teaching followed established patterns—citing previous rabbis, building arguments through reference to tradition and interpretation. Scribes gained authority through formal training and association with recognized teachers. Jesus' teaching was revolutionary—He spoke with direct authority, interpreting Scripture definitively without citing human authorities. His teaching authority derived from His divine identity—God's Word incarnate speaks God's word with inherent authority. This pattern continued throughout His ministry, amazing crowds and infuriating religious leaders whose authority He implicitly challenged.
Questions for Reflection
How does Jesus' teaching 'with authority' differ from merely citing tradition or making persuasive arguments?
What does the crowd's astonishment at Jesus' authoritative teaching reveal about the power of God's word spoken with divine authority?
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Analysis & Commentary
In Capernaum synagogue, people 'were astonished at his doctrine: for his word was with power.' The Greek 'exousia' (ἐξουσία, authority/power) describes Jesus' teaching quality—not merely persuasive or learned, but authoritative and powerful. Unlike scribes who cited previous rabbis, Jesus spoke with inherent authority ('You have heard...but I say,' Matthew 5). His words carried weight, demanding response. This authoritative teaching distinguished Him from other teachers and validated His claims. Words spoken with divine authority accomplish what they declare.