Luke 23:40

Authorized King James Version

But the other answering rebuked him, saying, Dost not thou fear God, seeing thou art in the same condemnation?

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
ἀποκριθεὶς
answering
to conclude for oneself, i.e., (by implication) to respond; by hebraism (compare h6030) to begin to speak (where an address is expected)
#2
δὲ
But
but, and, etc
#3
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#4
ἕτερος
the other
(an-, the) other or different
#5
ἐπετίμα
rebuked
to tax upon, i.e., censure or admonish; by implication, forbid
#6
αὐτῷ
him
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
#7
λέγων,
saying
properly, to "lay" forth, i.e., (figuratively) relate (in words (usually of systematic or set discourse; whereas g2036 and g5346 generally refer to an
#8
Οὐδὲ
not
not however, i.e., neither, nor, not even
#9
φοβῇ
Dost
to frighten, i.e., (passively) to be alarmed; by analogy, to be in awe of, i.e., revere
#10
σὺ
thou
thou
#11
τὸν
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#12
θεόν
God
a deity, especially (with g3588) the supreme divinity; figuratively, a magistrate; exceedingly (by hebraism)
#13
ὅτι
seeing
demonstrative, that (sometimes redundant); causative, because
#14
ἐν
in
"in," at, (up-)on, by, etc
#15
τῷ
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#16
αὐτῷ
him
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
#17
κρίματι
condemnation
a decision (the function or the effect, for or against ("crime"))
#18
εἶ
thou art
thou art

Analysis

Within the broader context of Luke, this passage highlights salvation through rhetorical questioning that engages the reader. The theological weight of divine sovereignty connects to fundamental Christian doctrine about divine sovereignty, contributing to our understanding of God's nature and relationship with humanity. This verse contributes to the book's overall argument by building upon previous themes while advancing the overall message of Luke.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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