Luke 20:13

Authorized King James Version

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Then said the lord of the vineyard, What shall I do? I will send my beloved son: it may be they will reverence him when they see him.

Original Language Analysis

εἶπεν said G2036
εἶπεν said
Strong's: G2036
Word #: 1 of 18
to speak or say (by word or writing)
δὲ Then G1161
δὲ Then
Strong's: G1161
Word #: 2 of 18
but, and, etc
G3588
Strong's: G3588
Word #: 3 of 18
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
κύριος the lord G2962
κύριος the lord
Strong's: G2962
Word #: 4 of 18
supreme in authority, i.e., (as noun) controller; by implication, master (as a respectful title)
τοῦ G3588
τοῦ
Strong's: G3588
Word #: 5 of 18
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
ἀμπελῶνος of the vineyard G290
ἀμπελῶνος of the vineyard
Strong's: G290
Word #: 6 of 18
a vineyard
Τί What G5101
Τί What
Strong's: G5101
Word #: 7 of 18
an interrogative pronoun, who, which or what (in direct or indirect questions)
ποιήσω shall I do G4160
ποιήσω shall I do
Strong's: G4160
Word #: 8 of 18
to make or do (in a very wide application, more or less direct)
πέμψω I will send G3992
πέμψω I will send
Strong's: G3992
Word #: 9 of 18
to dispatch (from the subjective view or point of departure, whereas ???? (as a stronger form of ????) refers rather to the objective point or <i>term
τὸν G3588
τὸν
Strong's: G3588
Word #: 10 of 18
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
υἱόν son G5207
υἱόν son
Strong's: G5207
Word #: 11 of 18
a "son" (sometimes of animals), used very widely of immediate, remote or figuratively, kinship
μου my G3450
μου my
Strong's: G3450
Word #: 12 of 18
of me
τὸν G3588
τὸν
Strong's: G3588
Word #: 13 of 18
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
ἀγαπητόν· beloved G27
ἀγαπητόν· beloved
Strong's: G27
Word #: 14 of 18
beloved
ἴσως it may be G2481
ἴσως it may be
Strong's: G2481
Word #: 15 of 18
likely, i.e., perhaps
τοῦτον him G5126
τοῦτον him
Strong's: G5126
Word #: 16 of 18
this (person, as objective of verb or preposition)
ἰδόντες him when they see G1492
ἰδόντες him when they see
Strong's: G1492
Word #: 17 of 18
used only in certain past tenses, the others being borrowed from the equivalent g3700 and g3708; properly, to see (literally or figuratively); by impl
ἐντραπήσονται they will reverence G1788
ἐντραπήσονται they will reverence
Strong's: G1788
Word #: 18 of 18
to invert, i.e., (figuratively and reflexively) in a good sense, to respect; or in a bad one, to confound

Analysis & Commentary

Then said the lord of the vineyard, What shall I do? I will send my beloved son: it may be they will reverence him when they see him—The owner's deliberation (τί ποιήσω, ti poiēsō, "What shall I do?") expresses pathos, not uncertainty. After three servants beaten and expelled, he sends his "beloved son" (τὸν υἱόν μου τὸν ἀγαπητόν, ton huion mou ton agapēton). This phrase echoes the Father's declaration at Jesus' baptism and transfiguration (Luke 3:22, 9:35), making the christological reference unmistakable.

"It may be they will reverence him" (ἴσως ἐντραπήσονται, isōs entrapēsontai) expresses hope despite evidence to the contrary. The verb ἐντρέπω (entrepō) means to respect, show deference, feel shame before. The son's status should command respect the servants didn't receive. This reveals the incarnation's logic: God sent His Son as the ultimate revelation and appeal. The phrase also reveals the father's incredible vulnerability—sending his beloved son to violent rebels risks the ultimate loss. This is the gospel: God so loved the world that He sent His only begotten Son (John 3:16), knowing the world might kill Him.

Historical Context

In Jewish inheritance law, a son held incomparably higher status than servants. The son was the heir, representing the father's authority fully. Dishonoring the son dishonored the father utterly. Jesus' audience would recognize this sending as the ultimate test and ultimate risk. The parable parallels salvation history precisely: after prophets came the Son (Hebrews 1:1-2). John the Baptist, the last prophet, testified, "He must increase, but I must decrease" (John 3:30), acknowledging Jesus' superior status as the Beloved Son.

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