Luke 18:39

Authorized King James Version

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And they which went before rebuked him, that he should hold his peace: but he cried so much the more, Thou Son of David, have mercy on me.

Original Language Analysis

καὶ And G2532
καὶ And
Strong's: G2532
Word #: 1 of 16
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
οἱ G3588
οἱ
Strong's: G3588
Word #: 2 of 16
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
προάγοντες they which went before G4254
προάγοντες they which went before
Strong's: G4254
Word #: 3 of 16
to lead forward (magisterially); intransitively, to precede (in place or time (participle, previous))
ἐπετίμων rebuked G2008
ἐπετίμων rebuked
Strong's: G2008
Word #: 4 of 16
to tax upon, i.e., censure or admonish; by implication, forbid
αὐτὸς he G846
αὐτὸς he
Strong's: G846
Word #: 5 of 16
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
ἵνα that G2443
ἵνα that
Strong's: G2443
Word #: 6 of 16
in order that (denoting the purpose or the result)
σιωπήσῃ· he should hold his peace G4623
σιωπήσῃ· he should hold his peace
Strong's: G4623
Word #: 7 of 16
to be dumb (but not deaf also, like 2974 properly); figuratively, to be calm (as quiet water)
αὐτὸς he G846
αὐτὸς he
Strong's: G846
Word #: 8 of 16
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
δὲ but G1161
δὲ but
Strong's: G1161
Word #: 9 of 16
but, and, etc
πολλῷ so much G4183
πολλῷ so much
Strong's: G4183
Word #: 10 of 16
(singular) much (in any respect) or (plural) many; neuter (singular) as adverbial, largely; neuter (plural) as adverb or noun often, mostly, largely
μᾶλλον the more G3123
μᾶλλον the more
Strong's: G3123
Word #: 11 of 16
(adverbially) more (in a greater degree)) or rather
ἔκραζεν cried G2896
ἔκραζεν cried
Strong's: G2896
Word #: 12 of 16
properly, to "croak" (as a raven) or scream, i.e., (genitive case) to call aloud (shriek, exclaim, intreat)
Υἱὲ Thou Son G5207
Υἱὲ Thou Son
Strong's: G5207
Word #: 13 of 16
a "son" (sometimes of animals), used very widely of immediate, remote or figuratively, kinship
Δαβίδ, of David G1138
Δαβίδ, of David
Strong's: G1138
Word #: 14 of 16
david, the israelite king
ἐλέησόν have mercy G1653
ἐλέησόν have mercy
Strong's: G1653
Word #: 15 of 16
to compassionate (by word or deed, specially, by divine grace)
με on me G3165
με on me
Strong's: G3165
Word #: 16 of 16
me

Analysis & Commentary

They which went before rebuked him, that he should hold his peace (οἱ προάγοντες ἐπετίμων αὐτῷ ἵνα σιωπήσῃ, hoi proagontes epetimōn autō hina siōpēsē)—Proagō (to go before) identifies Jesus's advance guard, likely disciples or prominent followers who control access. Epitimaō (to rebuke, charge sternly) is the verb used for silencing demons (4:35, 41)—they treat the beggar like a nuisance to be suppressed. Siōpaō (to be silent, hold peace) in the subjunctive implies intent: they want him shut down.

The rebuke reveals perverted priorities: maintaining decorum matters more than desperate need. These gatekeepers replicate religious establishment's pattern—blocking access to Jesus while claiming to serve Him. But he cried so much the more (αὐτὸς πολλῷ μᾶλλον ἔκραζεν, autos pollō mallon ekrazen)—the imperfect tense ekrazen (he kept crying) shows persistence. Pollō mallon (much more, all the more) intensifies: opposition doesn't silence him but amplifies his desperation. True faith perseveres through human obstacles.

Historical Context

Social hierarchy determined who could approach teachers and leaders. Beggars ranked at society's bottom; their interruptions were considered inappropriate. The disciples had previously tried to block children from Jesus (18:15-16), showing recurring failure to grasp kingdom values that exalt the lowly.

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