Luke 18:3

Authorized King James Version

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And there was a widow in that city; and she came unto him, saying, Avenge me of mine adversary.

Original Language Analysis

χήρα a widow G5503
χήρα a widow
Strong's: G5503
Word #: 1 of 18
a widow (as lacking a husband), literally or figuratively
δὲ And G1161
δὲ And
Strong's: G1161
Word #: 2 of 18
but, and, etc
ἦν there was G2258
ἦν there was
Strong's: G2258
Word #: 3 of 18
i (thou, etc.) was (wast or were)
ἐν in G1722
ἐν in
Strong's: G1722
Word #: 4 of 18
"in," at, (up-)on, by, etc
τῇ G3588
τῇ
Strong's: G3588
Word #: 5 of 18
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
πόλει city G4172
πόλει city
Strong's: G4172
Word #: 6 of 18
a town (properly, with walls, of greater or less size)
ἐκείνῃ that G1565
ἐκείνῃ that
Strong's: G1565
Word #: 7 of 18
that one (or (neuter) thing); often intensified by the article prefixed
καὶ and G2532
καὶ and
Strong's: G2532
Word #: 8 of 18
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
ἤρχετο she came G2064
ἤρχετο she came
Strong's: G2064
Word #: 9 of 18
to come or go (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively)
πρὸς unto G4314
πρὸς unto
Strong's: G4314
Word #: 10 of 18
a preposition of direction; forward to, i.e., toward (with the genitive case, the side of, i.e., pertaining to; with the dative case, by the side of,
αὐτὸν him G846
αὐτὸν him
Strong's: G846
Word #: 11 of 18
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
λέγουσα saying G3004
λέγουσα saying
Strong's: G3004
Word #: 12 of 18
properly, to "lay" forth, i.e., (figuratively) relate (in words (usually of systematic or set discourse; whereas g2036 and g5346 generally refer to an
Ἐκδίκησόν Avenge G1556
Ἐκδίκησόν Avenge
Strong's: G1556
Word #: 13 of 18
to vindicate, retaliate, punish
με me G3165
με me
Strong's: G3165
Word #: 14 of 18
me
ἀπὸ of G575
ἀπὸ of
Strong's: G575
Word #: 15 of 18
"off," i.e., away (from something near), in various senses (of place, time, or relation; literal or figurative)
τοῦ G3588
τοῦ
Strong's: G3588
Word #: 16 of 18
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
ἀντιδίκου adversary G476
ἀντιδίκου adversary
Strong's: G476
Word #: 17 of 18
an opponent (in a lawsuit); specially, satan (as the arch-enemy)
μου mine G3450
μου mine
Strong's: G3450
Word #: 18 of 18
of me

Analysis & Commentary

The widow's persistence: 'And there was a widow in that city; and she came unto him, saying, Avenge me of mine adversary.' The 'widow' (χήρα, chēra) represents society's most vulnerable—without husband, social status, or legal protection. Yet she persistently 'came unto him' (ἤρχετο πρὸς αὐτόν, ērcheto pros auton, imperfect tense indicating repeated action). Her request: 'Avenge me of mine adversary' (Ἐκδίκησόν με ἀπὸ τοῦ ἀντιδίκου μου, Ekdikēson me apo tou antidikou mou)—grant me justice against my opponent. She had no leverage—no money for bribes, no connections for influence, no threats to compel action. All she had was persistence. Despite repeated refusals, she kept coming. This models persistent, faith-filled prayer that refuses to give up despite delayed answers.

Historical Context

Widows in ancient society faced extreme vulnerability. Without husbands or male relatives to advocate for them, they easily became victims of exploitation (Exodus 22:22-24, Deuteronomy 27:19, Isaiah 1:17). Biblical law repeatedly mandates protection for widows, orphans, and foreigners—society's powerless (Deuteronomy 10:18, 24:17, Psalm 68:5, 146:9, James 1:27). This widow had a legal case but no means to secure justice from a corrupt judge. Her only weapon was persistent presence and repeated plea. Jesus holds her up as a model for prayer—come repeatedly, refuse discouragement, persist until God answers.

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