Leviticus 22:18

Authorized King James Version

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Speak unto Aaron, and to his sons, and unto all the children of Israel, and say unto them, Whatsoever he be of the house of Israel, or of the strangers in Israel, that will offer his oblation for all his vows, and for all his freewill offerings, which they will offer unto the LORD for a burnt offering;

Original Language Analysis

דַּבֵּ֨ר Speak H1696
דַּבֵּ֨ר Speak
Strong's: H1696
Word #: 1 of 29
perhaps properly, to arrange; but used figuratively (of words), to speak; rarely (in a destructive sense) to subdue
אֶֽל H413
אֶֽל
Strong's: H413
Word #: 2 of 29
near, with or among; often in general, to
אַהֲרֹ֜ן unto Aaron H175
אַהֲרֹ֜ן unto Aaron
Strong's: H175
Word #: 3 of 29
aharon, the brother of moses
וְאֶל H413
וְאֶל
Strong's: H413
Word #: 4 of 29
near, with or among; often in general, to
בְּנֵ֣י and to his sons H1121
בְּנֵ֣י and to his sons
Strong's: H1121
Word #: 5 of 29
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
וְאֶל֙ H413
וְאֶל֙
Strong's: H413
Word #: 6 of 29
near, with or among; often in general, to
כָּל H3605
כָּל
Strong's: H3605
Word #: 7 of 29
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
בְּנֵ֣י and to his sons H1121
בְּנֵ֣י and to his sons
Strong's: H1121
Word #: 8 of 29
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל in Israel H3478
בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל in Israel
Strong's: H3478
Word #: 9 of 29
he will rule as god; jisral, a symbolical name of jacob; also (typically) of his posterity
וְאָֽמַרְתָּ֖ and say H559
וְאָֽמַרְתָּ֖ and say
Strong's: H559
Word #: 10 of 29
to say (used with great latitude)
אֲלֵהֶ֑ם H413
אֲלֵהֶ֑ם
Strong's: H413
Word #: 11 of 29
near, with or among; often in general, to
אִישׁ֩ unto them Whatsoever he be H376
אִישׁ֩ unto them Whatsoever he be
Strong's: H376
Word #: 12 of 29
a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)
אִישׁ֩ unto them Whatsoever he be H376
אִישׁ֩ unto them Whatsoever he be
Strong's: H376
Word #: 13 of 29
a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)
מִבֵּ֨ית of the house H1004
מִבֵּ֨ית of the house
Strong's: H1004
Word #: 14 of 29
a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.)
בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל in Israel H3478
בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל in Israel
Strong's: H3478
Word #: 15 of 29
he will rule as god; jisral, a symbolical name of jacob; also (typically) of his posterity
וּמִן H4480
וּמִן
Strong's: H4480
Word #: 16 of 29
properly, a part of; hence (prepositionally), from or out of in many senses
הַגֵּ֣ר or of the strangers H1616
הַגֵּ֣ר or of the strangers
Strong's: H1616
Word #: 17 of 29
properly, a guest; by implication, a foreigner
בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל in Israel H3478
בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל in Israel
Strong's: H3478
Word #: 18 of 29
he will rule as god; jisral, a symbolical name of jacob; also (typically) of his posterity
אֲשֶׁ֨ר H834
אֲשֶׁ֨ר
Strong's: H834
Word #: 19 of 29
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
יַקְרִ֥יבוּ that will offer H7126
יַקְרִ֥יבוּ that will offer
Strong's: H7126
Word #: 20 of 29
to approach (causatively, bring near) for whatever purpose
קָרְבָּנוֹ֙ his oblation H7133
קָרְבָּנוֹ֙ his oblation
Strong's: H7133
Word #: 21 of 29
something brought near the altar, i.e., a sacrificial present
לְכָל H3605
לְכָל
Strong's: H3605
Word #: 22 of 29
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
נִדְרֵיהֶם֙ for all his vows H5088
נִדְרֵיהֶם֙ for all his vows
Strong's: H5088
Word #: 23 of 29
a promise (to god); also (concretely) a thing promised
וּלְכָל H3605
וּלְכָל
Strong's: H3605
Word #: 24 of 29
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
נִדְבוֹתָ֔ם and for all his freewill offerings H5071
נִדְבוֹתָ֔ם and for all his freewill offerings
Strong's: H5071
Word #: 25 of 29
properly (abstractly) spontaneity, or (adjectively) spontaneous; also (concretely) a spontaneous or (by inference, in plural) abundant gift
אֲשֶׁר H834
אֲשֶׁר
Strong's: H834
Word #: 26 of 29
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
יַקְרִ֥יבוּ that will offer H7126
יַקְרִ֥יבוּ that will offer
Strong's: H7126
Word #: 27 of 29
to approach (causatively, bring near) for whatever purpose
לַֽיהוָ֖ה unto the LORD H3068
לַֽיהוָ֖ה unto the LORD
Strong's: H3068
Word #: 28 of 29
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
לְעֹלָֽה׃ for a burnt offering H5930
לְעֹלָֽה׃ for a burnt offering
Strong's: H5930
Word #: 29 of 29
a step or (collectively, stairs, as ascending); usually a holocaust (as going up in smoke)

Analysis & Commentary

Speak unto Aaron, and to his sons, and unto all the children of Israel, and say unto them, Whatsoever he be of the house of Israel, or of the strangers in Israel, that will offer his oblation for all his vows, and for all his freewill offerings, which they will offer unto the LORD for a burnt offering;

This verse falls within the section on Acceptable Sacrifices. Requirements for acceptable sacrifices and those who may eat sacred offerings, maintaining sacrifice quality.

The Aaronic priesthood mediated between God and Israel, offering sacrifices and maintaining the tabernacle. This prefigured Christ's superior priesthood after the order of Melchizedek. The five main offerings (burnt, grain, peace, sin, and guilt) addressed different aspects of relationship with God, all fulfilled in Christ's comprehensive sacrifice.
Every sacrifice and ritual in Leviticus points forward to Jesus Christ, who fulfills the entire sacrificial system as both perfect sacrifice and eternal high priest.

Historical Context

Requirements for acceptable sacrifices and those who may eat sacred offerings, maintaining sacrifice quality. Chapters 17-27, often called the 'Holiness Code,' expand covenant obligations beyond ritual to encompass all of life—sexuality, economics, justice, and relationships. The repeated refrain 'I am the LORD' grounds these laws in God's character and covenant relationship with Israel. Israel received these laws while encamped at Sinai, before entering Canaan. The laws prepared them for life in the promised land, distinguishing them from Canaanite practices and establishing their identity as God's holy nation. The portable tabernacle, central to Levitical worship, accompanied them through wilderness wanderings and eventually found permanent form in Solomon's temple. Ancient texts like the Code of Hammurabi show that law codes were common in the ancient Near East, but biblical law uniquely grounded ethics in God's character rather than merely social convention.

Questions for Reflection

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